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. 2017 Apr 7;11:23. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2017.00023

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Copyright © 2017 Denny, Lebois and Ramirez.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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How is my rat feeling? Is all behavior is useless? No. But when attempting to model a human behavior in an animal it can either be absent altogether, misleading due to anthropomorphic interpretations, or paint an incomplete picture because the behavior is partially conserved evolutionarily. Therefore there is value and merit in examining brain circuits independent of, and in addition to, behavior in a complimentary fashion by leveraging the strengths of convergent approaches across multiple levels of analysis.