Expansion of effector memory antitumor Vδ2 T cell lymphocytes upon co-culture with Zol-treated LS180 CRC cell line. Panels A and B: Peripheral blood T lymphocytes were co-cultured for 20 d with LS180 CRC cell line, in the absence or presence of Zol (5 µM) and IL2. (A) Representative phenotype of Vδ2 T cells from two donors (donor 1, upper plots, donor 2, lower plots), co-cultured with LS180 and IL2 alone or with Zol-treated LS180, stained with APC-anti Vδ2, PE-anti-CD27 and PE-Cy7-anti-CD45RA. (B) Results expressed as percentage of effector memory (EM, CD45RA−CD27−) T cells, terminal-differentiated effector memory (TEMRA,CD45RA+-CD27−) T cells, naive (N, CD45RA+CD27+) T cells or central memory (CM, CD45RA−CD27+) among Vδ2 T lymphocytes immediately after separation (white bars) or on day 20 of co-culture with LS180 cells (black bars). Mean ± SD from eight experiments. ***p <0.001 versus T lymphocytes after separation (white bars). (C): Vδ2 T cells derived from co-cultures with Zol-treated LS180 CRC cells were tested in a 4 h 51Cr release assay against untreated (white bars) or Zol-treated (5 µM for 24 h, gray bars) LS180 (left histogram) HCT15 (central histogram) or DLD1 (right histogram) cell lines at the E:T ratio of 20:1, 10:1 and 5:1. Results are expressed as percentage specific lysis, calculated as described in Materials and Methods, the mean ± SD from three experiments is shown. *p <0.05 vs. Nil.