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. 2017 Feb;67:153–174. doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.09.018

Table A3.

Share of income-generating activities in total rural household income, by country.

Country and year Per capita GDP, PPP constant 2005, USD Income-generating activity
Group I
Group II
Group III
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (1) + (2) + (3) (4) + (5) + (6) + (7) (1) + (2) (4) + (5) (6) + (7) (3) + (4) + (5) + (6) + (7)
Agriculture-Crops Agriculture - Livestock Agricultural wage employment Non-farm wage employment Non-farm self-employment Transfers Other Agricultural total Non-agricultural total On-farm total Non-farm total Transfers & other Off-farm total
African countries
Ethiopia 2012 454 73% 11% 4% 2% 4% 3% 3% 88% 12% 85% 6% 6% 15%
Ghana 1992 949 66% 3% 2% 8% 16% 6% 0% 71% 29% 69% 23% 6% 31%
Ghana 1998 1,051 55% 4% 1% 10% 21% 9% 1% 61% 39% 59% 30% 9% 41%
Ghana 2005 1,222 49% 3% 3% 9% 26% 10% 0% 55% 45% 52% 35% 10% 48%
Kenya 2005 1,340 32% 16% 7% 15% 9% 19% 2% 55% 45% 48% 24% 21% 52%
Madagascar 1993 895 57% 13% 6% 6% 8% 6% 2% 77% 23% 71% 15% 8% 29%
Malawi 2004 640 56% 9% 11% 7% 9% 6% 0% 77% 23% 66% 16% 7% 34%
Malawi 2011 785 59% 6% 15% 8% 6% 6% 0% 80% 20% 65% 13% 6% 35%
Niger 2011 535 48% 9% 3% 4% 26% 10% 0% 60% 40% 57% 30% 10% 43%
Nigeria 2004 1,707 76% 5% 1% 7% 10% 1% 1% 81% 19% 81% 17% 2% 19%
Nigeria 2010 2,120 48% 9% 1% 11% 29% 0% 1% 58% 42% 57% 40% 2% 43%
Tanzania 2009 1,240 53% 13% 4% 7% 13% 10% 0% 70% 30% 66% 19% 11% 34%
Uganda 2005 966 47% 7% 11% 10% 16% 9% 0% 65% 35% 54% 26% 9% 46%
Uganda 2009 1,130 48% 11% 8% 12% 16% 6% 0% 66% 34% 58% 28% 6% 42%



Simple mean 55% 9% 5% 8% 15% 7% 1% 69% 31% 63% 23% 8% 37%
Minimum 32% 3% 1% 2% 4% 0% 0% 55% 12% 48% 6% 2% 15%
Maximum 76% 16% 15% 15% 29% 19% 3% 88% 45% 85% 40% 21% 52%



Non African countries
Albania 2002 4,710 15% 34% 2% 15% 5% 28% 0% 51% 49% 49% 21% 28% 51%
Albania 2005 5,463 17% 23% 3% 18% 7% 28% 3% 43% 57% 41% 26% 31% 59%
Bangladesh 2000 901 15% 1% 20% 20% 16% 13% 13% 37% 63% 17% 36% 27% 83%
Bangladesh 2005 1,068 18% 9% 16% 22% 13% 9% 12% 43% 57% 27% 36% 21% 73%
Bolivia 2005 3,758 29% 7% 5% 13% 36% 9% 1% 41% 59% 36% 49% 10% 64%
Bulgaria 1995 6,930 13% 8% 13% 24% 2% 37% 2% 35% 65% 21% 27% 39% 79%
Bulgaria 2001 7,348 4% 12% 5% 17% 1% 60% 1% 20% 80% 16% 18% 62% 84%
Ecuador 1995 5,658 9% 3% 10% 39% 23% 9% 6% 23% 77% 12% 62% 15% 88%
Ecuador 1998 5,862 22% 11% 20% 18% 18% 5% 5% 54% 46% 33% 37% 10% 67%
Guatemala 2000 3,966 28% 3% 20% 20% 12% 17% 0% 50% 50% 30% 33% 17% 70%
Guatemala 2006 4,178 21% 3% 17% 27% 13% 18% 0% 41% 59% 24% 40% 19% 76%
Indonesia 1993 2,487 25% 5% 11% 16% 15% 26% 2% 41% 59% 30% 31% 28% 70%
Indonesia 2000 2,724 23% 2% 10% 20% 18% 23% 4% 35% 65% 26% 38% 27% 74%
Nepal 1996 829 32% 14% 18% 17% 9% 10% 1% 64% 36% 46% 26% 11% 54%
Nepal 2003 926 20% 18% 13% 21% 9% 17% 2% 51% 49% 38% 30% 19% 62%
Nicaragua 1998 1,961 23% 11% 25% 23% 9% 8% 1% 59% 41% 34% 32% 9% 66%
Nicaragua 2001 2,145 21% 14% 21% 21% 11% 6% 5% 57% 43% 35% 32% 11% 65%
Nicaragua 2005 2,311 30% 0% 24% 17% 15% 12% 1% 55% 45% 30% 32% 13% 70%
Pakistan 1991 1,719 31% 14% 6% 27% 19% 3% 1% 51% 49% 46% 45% 3% 54%
Pakistan 2001 1,923 21% 11% 9% 29% 11% 15% 5% 41% 59% 33% 39% 19% 67%
Panama 1997 7,554 15% 7% 14% 29% 17% 16% 1% 37% 63% 23% 46% 18% 77%
Panama 2003 8,267 16% 2% 17% 27% 23% 15% 1% 35% 65% 18% 50% 16% 82%
Tajikistan 2003 1,283 37% 17% 17% 12% 1% 15% 0% 72% 28% 55% 13% 16% 45%
Tajikistan 2007 1,656 52% 9% 7% 19% 6% 7% 0% 68% 32% 61% 26% 7% 39%
Vietnam 1992 997 53% -1% 5% 11% 23% 8% 0% 57% 43% 52% 34% 8% 48%
Vietnam 1998 1,448 41% 15% 6% 9% 21% 7% 0% 62% 38% 56% 30% 7% 44%
Vietnam 2002 1,780 26% 3% 10% 38% 15% 7% 2% 39% 61% 29% 52% 9% 71%



Simple mean 25% 9% 13% 21% 14% 15% 3% 46% 54% 33% 35% 18% 67%
Minimum 4% -1% 2% 9% 1% 3% 0% 20% 28% 12% 13% 3% 39%
Maximum 53% 23% 25% 39% 36% 60% 13% 72% 80% 61% 62% 62% 88%