Table 11.

OLS results, key coefficients from additional robustness checks.

		Ethiopia	Malawi	Niger	Tanzania	Uganda
Dependent variable: Log labor demand
Above median expenditure HHs	Log HH size	0.551⁎⁎⁎	0.665⁎⁎⁎	0.790⁎⁎⁎	0.518⁎⁎⁎	0.324⁎⁎⁎
		(0.079)	(0.078)	(0.097)	(0.078)	(0.048)
Below median expenditure HHs	Log HH size	0.736⁎⁎⁎	0.700⁎⁎⁎	0.757⁎⁎⁎	0.683⁎⁎⁎	0.326⁎⁎⁎
		(0.086)	(0.073)	(0.099)	(0.069)	(0.056)
Head education	Log HH size	0.778⁎⁎⁎	0.588⁎⁎⁎	0.805⁎⁎	0.587⁎⁎⁎	0.364⁎⁎⁎
		(0.097)	(0.093)	(0.395)	(0.110)	(0.094)
	Head education (years)	0.046	−0.03		−0.011	−0.014
		(0.074)	(0.024)		(0.024)	(0.017)
	Head education (years) × Log HH size	−0.032	0.026		0.025	0.001
		(0.054)	(0.023)		(0.022)	(0.010)
	Head educ: none (=1) × Log HH size			−0.007
				(0.595)
	Head educ: primary (=1) × Log HH size			−0.169
				(0.656)
	Head educ: some sec. (=1) × Log HH size			−0.115
				(0.638)
Controls for soil type	Log HH size		0.619⁎⁎⁎	0.719⁎⁎⁎	0.556⁎⁎⁎	0.272⁎⁎⁎
			(0.047)	(0.076)	(0.050)	(0.045)

Notes: All regressions include same location fixed effects as previous tables; Standard errors clustered at level of FE; sample weights used; each row group represents a separate regression; dependent variable in all regressions is the log of total labor demand on farm; above/below median expenditure refers to expenditure per capita.

^⁎⁎⁎Significant at 1%.

^⁎⁎Significant at 5%.

^∗ Significant at 10%.