Figure 2.
Results of the nanomechanical properties of the dentin matrix surface before and after biomodification with enriched grape seed extract solutions at 6.5%, 15%, and 30% weight per volume (w/v): (A) the reduced modulus of elasticity (Er) after 1 min of surface treatment with enriched grape seed extract, (B) the complex modulus (E*), and (C) the tan δ values of the dentin matrix. Bars depicts statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the treatment times for each e-GSE concentration.