Table 4.
Summary of studies on the accuracy of CAP using the M probe for the estimation of hepatic steatosis using histology as the reference standard
| Authors, yearref | Study population | Mean BMI, kg per m2 | Distribution of steatosis grades S0, S1, S2 and S3 | AUROC for steatosis ≥S1, S2 and S3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sasso et al., 20107 | 115 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology; 14.8% had NAFLD | 25 | 42%, 19%, 31% and 8% | 0.91, 0.95 and 0.89 |
| Myers et al., 201217 | 153 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology and with BMI ≥ 28 kg per m2; 47% had NAFLD | 32 | 26%, 39%, 25% and 10% | 0.79, 0.76 and 0.70 |
| Sasso et al., 201218 | 615 patients with chronic hepatitis C | 24.1 | 69%, 18%, 11% and 1% | 0.80, 0.86 and 0.88 |
| de Lédinghen et al., 201219 | 112 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology; 25% had NAFLD | 26 | 52%, 19%, 14% and 15% | 0.84, 0.86 and 0.93 |
| Kumar et al., 201320 | 146 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 108 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 63 patients with NAFLD | Patients with chronic hepatitis B 24.3, patients with chronic hepatitis C 24.7 and patients with NAFLD 25.1 | Patients with chronic hepatitis B 47.3%, 34.2%, 13.0% and 5.5%; patients with chronic hepatitis C 51.9%, 25.9%, 15.7% and 6.5%; and patients with NAFLD 0%, 31.3%, 47.6% and 11.1% | Patients with chronic hepatitis B 0.68, 0.79 and 0.84; patients with chronic hepatitis C 0.66, 0.67 and 0.92; and patients with NAFLD, 0.79 and 0.76 |
| Masaki et al., 201321 | 155 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology, 25.8% had NAFLD | 24.4 | 65.2%, 27.7%, 4.5% and 2.6% | AUROC for steatosis ≥S1: 0.88 |
| Chan et al., 20148 | 101 NAFLD patients and 60 non-NAFLD controls | 26.2 | 39.1%, 20.5%, 31.7% and 8.7% | 0.97, 0.86 and 0.75 |
| Chon et al., 201422 | 135 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology, 41.5% had NAFLD | 24.4 | 31.1%, 43.7%, 18.5% and 6.7% | 0.89, 0.89 and 0.80 |
| Yilmaz et al., 201423 | 50 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology | 28.7 | 32%, 24%, 18% and 26% | AUROC to distinguish S2–S3 from S0: 0.93 |
| Shen et al., 201424 | 152 patients with NAFLD or chronic hepatitis B; 34.2% had NAFLD | 24.9 | 41.4%, 28.9%, 21.1% and 8.6% | 0.92, 0.92 and 0.88 |
| Karlas et al., 201425 | 50 NAFLD patients and 15 non-NAFLD controls | 27.5 | 23.1%, 27.7%, 30.8% and 18.5% | 0.93, 0.94 and 0.82 |
| de Lédinghen et al., 201426 | 440 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology; 24.2% had NAFLD | 26.6 | 48.5%, 20.1%, 16.8% and 14.7% | 0.79, 0.84 and 0.84 |
| Ferraioli et al., 201427 | 115 patients with chronic viral hepatitis | 24.8 | Distribution of steatosis grades S0, S1 and S2-S3: 57.4%, 28.7% and 13.9% | AUROC for steatosis ≥S1 and S2: 0.76 and 0.82 |
| Jung et al., 201428 | 161 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology; 44.7% had NAFLD | 24.4 | 26.1%, 49.7%, 20.5% and 3.7% | 0.86, 0.90 and 0.74 |
| Wang et al., 201429 | 88 patients with chronic hepatitis B | 24.2 | 36.4%, 36.4%, 19.1% and 9.1% | 0.71, 0.87 and 0.97 |
| Lupsor-Platon et al., 201530 | 201 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology; 23.9% had NAFLD | 26.4 | 54.7%, 28.6%, 10.3% and 5.9% | 0.76, 0.82 and 0.82 |
| Mi et al., 201531 | 340 patients with chronic hepatitis B | 23.4 | 58.2%, 34.2%, 5.0% and 2.6% | 0.81, 0.90 and 0.97 |
| Shen et al., 201532 | 381 patients with NAFLD or chronic hepatitis B; 26.5% had NAFLD | 24.8 | 51.4%, 24.4%, 17.1% and 7.1% | 0.88, 0.90 and 0.84 for patients with SCD < 25 mm 0.81, 0.85 and 0.72 for patients with SCD ≥ 25 mm |
NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; SCD: skin capsular distance; BMI: body mass index; AUROC: area under receiver operating characteristic curve.