Table 1.
Baseline Clinical Characteristics By On–trial ADHF Occurrence
| Characteristics | Intensive Treatment | Standard Treatment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No ADHF (N=4613) |
ADHF (N=65) |
No ADHF (N=4580) |
ADHF (N=103) |
|
| Age≥ 75 years-no (%) | 1282 (28%) | 35 (54%) | 1261 (28%) | 58 (56%) |
| Chronic Kidney disease- no (%) | 1289 (28%) | 41 (63%) | 1264 (28%) | 52 (51%) |
| Cardiovascular disease- no (%) | 914 (20%) | 26 (40%) | 897 (20%) | 40 (39%) |
| Subclinical | 241 (5%) | 6 (9%) | 235 (5%) | 11 (11%) |
| Clinical | 754 (16%) | 25 (36%) | 749 (16%) | 34 (33%) |
| Framingham 10-year CVD risk score | 25 ± 13 | 33 ± 18 | 25 ± 12 | 33 ± 16 |
| Framingham Risk ≥15%- no (%) | 3502 (76%) | 54 (83%) | 3458 (76%) | 89 (86%) |
| Female sex-no. (%) | 1661 (36%) | 23 (35%) | 1618 (35%) | 30 (29%) |
| Age in years | 68 ± 9 | 75 ± 11 | 68 ± 9 | 74 ± 10 |
| Race or Ethnic Group-no. (%) | ||||
| Black Race | 1357 (29%) | 22 (34%) | 1395 (31%) | 28 (27%) |
| Hispanic | 499 (11%) | 4 (6%) | 476 (10%) | 5 (4.9%) |
| Other | 98 (2.1%) | 0 (0%) | 77 (1.7%) | 1 (1%) |
| White | 2659 (56%) | 39 (60%) | 2632 (56%) | 69 (67%) |
| Smoking Status- no. (%) | ||||
| Never | 2022 (44%) | 28 (43%) | 2035 (45%) | 37 (36%) |
| Former | 1947 (42%) | 30 (46%) | 1946 (43%) | 50 (49%) |
| Current | 632 (14%) | 7 (11%) | 585 (13%) | 16 (16%) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30 ± 6 | 30 ± 6 | 30 ± 6 | 30 ± 6 |
| Systolic BP mm of Hg | 140 ± 16 | 142 ± 16 | 140 ± 15 | 141 ± 19 |
| Diastolic BP mm of Hg | 78 ± 12 | 73 ± 14 | 78 ± 12 | 74 ± 13 |
| Heart Rate/min | 66 ± 11 | 66 ± 16 | 66 ± 12 | 67 ± 12 |
| SBP Tertile- no (%) | ||||
| ≤ 132 mm Hg | 1567 (34%) | 16 (25%) | 1523 (33%) | 30 (29%) |
| > 132 mm Hg to < 145 mm Hg | 1468 (32%) | 21 (32%) | 1517 (33%) | 32 (31%) |
| ≥ 145 mm Hg | 1578 (34%) | 28 (43%) | 1540 (34%) | 41 (40%) |
| Creatinine- mg/dl | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.4 |
| eGFR MDRD [mL/min/1.73m2] | 72 ± 21 | 56 ± 24 | 72 ± 215 | 63 ± 22 |
| Ratio of urinary albumin to creatinine | 41 ± 166 | 230 ± 552 | 39 ± 134 | 133 ± 494 |
| Total Cholesterol- mg/dl | 190 ± 42 | 187 ± 37 | 190 ± 41 | 181 ± 42 |
| LDL – mg/dl | 113 ± 36 | 111 ± 32 | 112 ± 35 | 104 ± 34 |
| HDL –mg/dl | 53 ± 14 | 53 ± 15 | 53 ± 15 | 50 ± 13 |
| Triglycerides, median and Q1, Q3 –mg/dl | 106 [76,148] | 112 [80,143] | 106 [77,152] | 116.0 [90,157] |
| Fasting Glucose –mg/dl | 99 ± 14 | 99± 13 | 99 ± 13 | 100 ± 11 |
| ACE Inhibitors –no (%) | 1736 (38%) | 27 (42%) | 1652 (36%) | 41 (40%) |
| Angiotensin II antagonists–no (%) | 979 (21%) | 14 (22%) | 969 (21%) | 23 (22%) |
| Beta blockers –no (%) | 1455 (32%) | 27 (42%) | 1359 (30%) | 40 (39%) |
| CCBs-Dihydropyridines- –no (%) | 1344 (29%) | 33 (51%) | 1368 (30%) | 37 (36%) |
| Thiazide diuretics –no (%) | 1774 (39%) | 12 (19%) | 1838 (40%) | 35 (34%) |
| Statin Use- no (%) | 1946 (43%) | 32 (51%) | 2025 (45%) | 51 (50%) |
| Aspirin Use- no (%) | 2362 (51%) | 44 (68%) | 2286 (50%) | 64 (62%) |
ADHF=acute decompensated heart failure, CVD=cardiovascular disease, BMI=body mass index, BP=blood pressure, eGFR =estimated glomerular filtration rate, LDL=low –density lipoprotein, HDL= high-density lipoprotein, Q1= 25th and Q3=75th percentile. ACE =angiotensin converting enzyme, CCB=calcium channel blocker. Subclinical cardiovascular disease includes: ≥ 50% stenosis of a coronary, carotid, or lower extremity artery; abdominal aortic aneurysm ≥ 5 cm with or without repair; coronary artery calcium score ≥400 Agatston units; low ankle brachial index (≤ 0.90); left ventricular hypertrophy by computer ECG reading, echocardiogram report, or other cardiac imaging procedure. Clinical cardiovascular disease includes: myocardial infarction; acute coronary syndrome with or without resting ECG changes, ECG changes on graded exercise test, or positive cardiac imaging study; coronary revascularization; carotid endarterectomy or carotid stenting; peripheral arterial disease with revascularization.