Fig. 6A–D.

Representative images of TDR tissues immunostained for (A) PDGFbb, (B) NGF, and (C) substance P showed colocalization of these factors with blood vessels (black arrows). The graph (D) shows the percentage decrease of all six factors in periprosthetic tissues (n = 5) when blood vessels were masked. PDGFbb, NGF, and substance P were decreased by > 25%. ^*p < 0.05 and ^**p < 0.01. Sections were immunostained using DAB as the chromogenic substrate and counterstained with 50% hematoxylin; the scale bar is 50 μm.