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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 8.
Published in final edited form as: Prev Med. 2016 Aug 8;92:36–46. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.008

Table 2.

Investigating parametric questions and extending the intervention into community clinics.

Study Primary trend Additional trends n CM duration (weeks) Maximum earnings Statistically significant treatment effect Included follow up? Statistically significant effects at follow-up Drug of abuse CM target
Festinger et al. (2014) Parametric N/A 222 12 CNBD Yes No N/A Cocaine Abstinence
Kirby et al. (2013) Parametric N/A 130 36 CNBD Yes No N/A Cocaine Abstinence
Lamb et al. (2010) Parametric N/A 146 12 $1157.50 Yes No N/A Nicotine Abstinence
Ledgerwood et al. (2014) Parametric N/A 81 3 CNBD Yes Yes No Nicotine Abstinence
Packer et al. (2012) Parametric N/A 103 1 $207.50 Yes No N/A Nicotine Abstinence
Petry et al. (2012c) Parametric Community clinics 442 12 $560 Yes Yes No Cocaine Abstinence + other therapeutic goals
Petry et al. (2014a) Parametric Community clinics 240 12 $900 Yes Yes No Cocaine Abstinence
Tuten et al. (2012) Parametric Special populations 133 13 $1364 No N/A N/A Cocaine/Opioids Abstinence
Roll et al. (2013) Parametric N/A 118 16 $500.00 Yes Yes Yes Methamphetamine Abstinence
Romanowich and Lamb (2010) Parametric N/A 57 3 $100.00 Yes Yes No Nicotine Abstinence
Romanowich and Lamb (2013) Parametric N/A 30 1 $375.00 Yes Yes No Nicotine Abstinence
Branson et al. (2012) Community clinics Special populations 52 3 CNBD Yes No N/A Polydrug Other therapeutic goals
Chen et al. (2013) Community clinics N/A 246 12 CNBD Yes No N/A Opioids Abstinence + other therapeutic goal
García-Fernández et al. (2011) Community clinics N/A 68 24 $2196.00 Yes No N/A Cocaine Abstinence
Hser et al. (2011) Community clinics N/A 319 12 CNBD Yes No N/A Opioids Abstinence + other therapeutic goal
Jiang et al. (2012) Community clinics N/A 160 12 $435.80 No N/A N/A Opioids Abstinence + Other Therapeutic Goal
Killeen et al. (2012) Community clinics Special populations 31 10 CNBD No N/A N/A Marijuana Abstinence
Petitjean et al. (2014) Community clinics N/A 60 4 CNBD Yes Yes No Cocaine Abstinence
Petry et al. (2011) Community clinics N/A 239 12 CNBD Yes Yes No Polydrug Abstinence + other therapeutic goals
Petry et al. (2012a) Community clinics N/A 130 12 CNBD Yes Yes No Cocaine Abstinence
Petry et al. (2012b) Community clinics N/A 43 12 CNBD Yes No N/A Polydrug Abstinence
Secades-Villa et al. (2014) Community clinics N/A 92 6 $412 Yes Yes Yes Nicotine Abstinence
Walker et al. (2010) Community clinics N/A 90 10,14 CNBD Yes No N/A Polydrug Other therapeutic goals

Note: primary trend refers to main trend authors assigned study to; Additional trends refers to additional trends study was assigned to aside from the primary trend; n refers to sample size (across all groups); CM duration refers to the number of weeks during which contingent incentives could be earned (CNBD = duration could not be determined); Maximum earnings refers to the maximum amount that could be earned in the intervention (CNBD = maximum earnings could not be determined); Statistically significant treatment effects and effects at follow-up defined in all studies as outcomes significant at p < 0.05; Follow up effects were only evaluated if during treatment effects were statistically significant; drug of abuse refers to drug targeted by CM intervention; CM target refers to the behavior on which incentives were contingent.