Table 2.
Characteristics of pregnant (n = 190) and postpartum women (n = 180)
| Pregnant women | Postpartum women | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV infected | HIV uninfected | p-value | HIV infected | HIV uninfected | p-value | |
| Socio-demographic variables | ||||||
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 29.3 (6.6) | 27.0 (6.2) | 0.019 | 29.7 (6.0) | 27.6 (6.8) | 0.042 |
| Employed, n (%) | 29/74 (39.2) | 35/115 (30.4) | 0.214 | 19/67 (28.4) | 34/113 (30.1) | 0.806 |
| Level of education, n (%) | ||||||
| ≤ 11 years of school | 37/74 (50.0) | 33/116 (28.4) | 0.006 | 34/67 (50.7) | 37/113 (32.7) | 0.009 |
| Completed school | 29/74 (39.2) | 57/116 (49.1) | 30/67 (44.8) | 56/113 (49.5) | ||
| Tertiary education | 8/74 (10.8) | 26/116 (22.4) | 3/67 (4.5) | 20/113 (17.7) | ||
| House with electricity and water, n (%) | 64/74 (86.5) | 108/116 (93.1) | 0.129 | 54/67 (81.8) | 99/113 (87.6) | 0.289 |
| Living with parents, n (%) | 17/72 (23.6) | 44/112 (39.3) | 0.028 | 24/67 (35.8) | 45/112 (40.2) | 0.562 |
| Obstetric history | ||||||
| Gestational age in weeks, mean (SD) | 27.2 (8.9) | 27.4 (7.8) | 0.857 | – | – | – |
| Infant age in months, mean (SD) | – | – | – | 5.9 (3.0) | 5.5 (3.0) | 0.408 |
| Number of previous pregnancies, median (IQR) | 2 (1–2) | 1 (0–2) | 0.028 | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2) | 0.018 |
| Ever breastfed, n (%) | 42/74 (56.8) | 61/116 (52.6) | 0.573 | 49/67 (73.1) | 58/110 (52.7) | 0.007 |
| Pre-pregnancy HIV diagnosis, n (%) | 28/74 (37.8) | – | – | 22/67 (32.8) | – | – |
| On ART, n (%) | 69/74 (93.2) | – | – | 58/66 (87.9) | – | – |