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Effects of special diets on gut microbiota
| Diet | Food constituents | Total bacteria | Bifidobacteria | Lactobacilli | Prevotella | Eubacteria | Roseburia | Bacteroides | Enterobacteria | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western | High animal fat/protein | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | [26, 29, 48] | ||
| Mediterranean | High fiber/antioxidants/UFA low red meat | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | [41, 129, 192] | |
| Gluten-free | No gluten | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | [125, 126, 193–195] |
UFA unsaturated fatty acids
