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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Acta Biomater. 2016 Oct 8;52:105–117. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.10.011

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Frictional and physicochemical properties of bilayered hydrogel constructs and their effect on hydrogel shear deformation. Bilayered ALMA, PEG-40S, and PEG-80S hydrogel constructs were analysed to determine their (A) dynamic coefficients of friction (mean ± SD, n = 5, *** = p < 0.001), (B) compressive moduli at day 1 (mean + SD, n = 3) and (C) mass swelling ratios (bars) as well as water contents (dots) of bilayered constructs (mean ± SD, n = 3). (D) Cross-sections and (E) quantified attenuation values from EPIC-µCT scans illustrating differences in surface hydrogel negative charge densities in bilayered constructs (attenuation scales range from −5,000 (black) to 20,000 (white)). (F) Microscopic images of the peak shear strain in ALMA, PEG-40S, and PEG-80S hydrogel constructs in response to sliding shear motion and (G) depth-dependent changes in shear strains in the variable friction PEG gel and ALMA quantified using digital image correlation (mean ± SD, n = 2).