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. 2017 Jan 21;35(5):561–573. doi: 10.1007/s40273-016-0484-y

Table 3.

Descriptive statistics of baseline patient characteristics, number of exacerbations (over 4 months), contacts and cost (over 12 months) pre-intervention and post-intervention per patient by trial arm

Patient characteristics Baseline (1 September 2013) Post-intervention
Letter (N = 3641) No letter (N = 4549) Letter (N = 3641) No letter (N = 4549)
Age, mean (median [range]) 10.8 (11 [5–16]) 10.8 (11 [5–16]) NA NA
Sex, M/F (%) M 60.2; F 39.8 M 60.6; F 39.4 NA NA
Exacerbations; resource-use; costs Baseline (pre-intervention, 12 months) Post-intervention (exacerbations, 4 months; contacts and costs, 12 months)
Mean no. of exacerbations (SD [range]) (exacerbation period: 1 week) NA NA 2.50 (2.19 [0–14]) 2.41 (2.19 [0–16])
Mean no. of contacts* (SD [range])
 Scheduled 2.77 (2.63 [0–29]) 2.74 (2.69 [0—36]) 2.60 (2.72 [0—22]) 2.69 (2.85 [0—30])
 Unscheduled 10.53 (8.03 [0–79]) 10.44 (8.67 [0–127]) 9.39 (8.32 [0–73]) 9.36 (9.22 [0–101])
  ‘Not relevant’ 4.31 (4.48 [0–52]) 3.97 (4.54 [0–60]) 4.17 (4.79 [0–45]) 3.75 (4.73 [0–60])
 Total no. contactsa 17.61 (12.47 [0–115]) 17.14 (13.38 [0–168]) 16.16 (13.30 [0–120]) 15.80 (14.42 [0–163])
Mean costs (95% CI), median (range)
 Scheduled 178 (167–190), 41 (0–3871) 160 (150–169), 41 (0–5554) 169 (158–181), 27 (0–3857) 173 (163–183), 41 (0–3839)
 Unscheduled 305 295–316), 208 (0–3181) 315 (305–326), 212 (0–4027) 266 (255–277), 146 (0–4661) 283 (272–294), 186 (0–8010)
  ‘Not relevant’ 215 (202–228), 1 (0–5727) 197 (186–209), 1 (0–4111) 204 (191–217), 1 (0–6149) 205 (193–218), 1 (0–7675)
 Total contact costsb 699 (672–725), 435 (0–8597) 672 (649–696), 408 (0–8919) 639 (612–667), 342 (0–8829) 662 (636–688), 358 (0–13,411)
 Prescriptions 62 (59–66), 27 (0–1141) 55 (52–57), 20 (0–808) 55 (52–59), 20 (0–849) 49 (47–52), 16 (0–789)
 Total costsc 761 (734–789), 498 (0–8622) 727 (703–751), 468 (0–8997) 695 (666–723), 402 (0–8921) 711 (684–738), 412 (0–13,484)
 Intervention 0 0 1.34 0
 Total costs and intervention costd 761 (734–789), 498 (0–8622)* 727 (703–751), 468 (0–8997)* 696 (668–725), 403 (1–8922)# 711 (684–738), 412 (0–13,484)#

T test for unequal variance used to assess statistically significant difference in total and intervention cost between trial arms at *baseline, p value = 0.069 and #post-intervention, p value = 0.460

CI confidence interval, Exacs exacerbations, F female, M male, NA not applicable, No. number, SD standard deviation

aTotal number of contacts = the number of scheduled contacts plus the number of unscheduled contacts plus the number of ‘not relevant’ contacts per patient

bTotal contact costs = the cost for scheduled contacts plus the cost for unscheduled contacts plus the cost for ‘not relevant’ contacts per patient

cTotal costs = total contact costs plus the cost for the prescriptions per patient

dTotal costs and intervention cost = Total costs plus the cost of the letter intervention (note, the letter intervention cost is only applied for the post-intervention period)