Table 3.
Characteristics Associated with the Odds of Post-Deployment Binge Drinking on the Follow-Up Questionnaire among Male and Female Service Members Returning from OEF/OIF Deployments in FYs 2008–2011a
| Multivariable logistic regression modelb,c | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
| Frequent binge drinking among | Frequent binge drinking among | Any binge drinking among | ||||
| males | females | females | ||||
| Characteristics | AOR | CI | AOR | CI | AOR | CI |
| TBI and any mental health problemd | ||||||
| Neither (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| TBI only | 1.19*** | 1.14, 1.24 | 1.03 | 0.78, 1.35 | 1.19* | 1.01, 1.40 |
| Mental health only | 1.49*** | 1.44, 1.53 | 1.73*** | 1.53, 1.97 | 1.39*** | 1.27, 1.51 |
| Both | 1.59*** | 1.50, 1.69 | 2.11*** | 1.57, 2.83 | 1.51*** | 1.21, 1.89 |
| DoD occupation specialty | ||||||
| Other occupation (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Combat specialist | 1.14*** | 1.11, 1.16 | 1.39* | 1.04, 1.85 | 1.40*** | 1.20, 1.64 |
| Functional support, services, and supply | 0.91*** | 0.89, 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.88, 1.07 | 0.80*** | 0.76, 0.85 |
| Length of index deployment (months) | ||||||
| 1–11 (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| 12 | 1.19*** | 1.16, 1.22 | 1.28*** | 1.14, 1.44 | 1.24*** | 1.16, 1.33 |
| > 12 | 1.21*** | 1.18, 1.25 | 1.29*** | 1.13, 1.47 | 1.21*** | 1.12, 1.31 |
| Any prior deployment to index | ||||||
| Does not have a prior deployment (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Has a prior deployment | 1.14*** | 1.11, 1.16 | 1.16** | 1.04, 1.29 | 1.12*** | 1.05, 1.20 |
| Wounded, injured, assaulted, or hurt on most recent deployment | ||||||
| Was not wounded, injured, assaulted, or hurt (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Was Wounded, injured, assaulted, or hurt | 1.02 | 0.99, 1.05 | 1.16* | 1.03, 1.31 | 1.05 | 0.97, 1.14 |
| Combat Exposure Score | ||||||
| 0 (reference group) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| 1 | 1.17*** | 1.14, 1.20 | 1.12 | 1.00, 1.26 | 1.12*** | 1.05, 1.21 |
| 2 | 1.25*** | 1.21, 1.29 | 1.29** | 1.08, 1.53 | 1.19** | 1.06, 1.33 |
| 3 | 1.35*** | 1.30, 1.40 | 1.65* | 1.09, 2.51 | 1.55** | 1.15, 2.08 |
The follow-up questionnaire was completed 30–300 days after the end of the index deployment. All other variables were assessed on the initial questionnaire (completed within 60 days of the deployment end date).
AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, 95% confidence interval.
Models also control for the time between the two questionnaires, rank, race/ethnicity, marital status, any child dependent eligible for Military Health System benefits, and FY end date of index deployment.
Any positive mental health is defined as a positive screen for post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and/or harmful thoughts.
p < 0.05 level, **p < 0.01 level, ***p < 0.001 level.
OEF/OIF, Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom; TBI, traumatic brain injury.