Figure 6.

Neuronal population activities for positive motivational context-preferring (upper panel) and negative motivational context-preferring neurons (lower panel) in the VP for conditioned stimulus (CS)-related activity and anticipatory activity. Monkeys performed different motivational tasks in which they chose approach or avoidance behaviors to obtain a reward or prevent the delivery of an air puff depending on the motivational context (Saga et al., 2016). The blue histogram (mean ± SEM) indicates neuronal activity in trials in the positive motivational context and red represents activity in trials in the negative motivational context. Each panel is aligned with CS onset, touch screen and unconditioned stimulus (US) delivery and the gray zone represents the time period of the behavioral event. Data modified from Saga et al. (2016) used with permission from Oxford University Press.