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. 2017 Apr 10;7:45982. doi: 10.1038/srep45982

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Effect of 40 hours prolonged wakefulness on the increase in EEG theta-to-alpha ratio (TAR), split by DAT1, DRD2, and combined DAT1-DRD2 genotypes, all showing significant genotype x sleep deprivation interactions (q_FDR < 0.02). The portion of the waking EEG recordings with eyes open was analyzed. (A,B) Left: TAR quantified at 3-hour intervals for DAT1 (panel A; 10R/10R: orange, 9R: red) and DRD2 (panel B; C/C: orange, C/T: blue, T/T: red) genotypes. Right: Change in TAR from day 1 to day 2 in DAT1 and DRD2 genotypes. Statistics revealed a significant effect of sleep deprivation on TAR, which was stronger in 10R/10R homozygotes than 9R-allele carriers of DAT1 and in DRD2 C/C homozygotes compared to C/T heterozygotes. (C) Increase in TAR from day 1 to day 2 in the combined DAT1-DRD2 genotype groups. The sleep deprivation-induced increase in TAR is described by a U-shaped curve with an arbitrary horizontal axis, split by DAT1 genotype. P-values represent the least significant difference (LSD) following the corresponding ANOVA.