Virions released from SUMO-1-overproducing cells have defects in reverse transcription. HIV-1WT and HIV-1K27R virions produced by cells in which SUMO-1 was overexpressed, as indicated, were used to infect GHOST cells. As a control, the HIV-1 RT inhibitor 3TC was added to target cells 2 h prior to infection. Eighteen hours postinfection, total cellular DNA was isolated, and reverse transcription was monitored using real-time PCR with primers specific for full-length linear cDNA (A) or 2-LTR circles (B). The results shown are representative of three independent experiments.