Figure 2.
Enhanced survival, migratory and tumorigenic ability in infected host cells. (a) Viability of cells exposed to serum starvation and anoikis conditions. (b) Levels of key pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Numbers denote Bax/Bcl2 and Bax/BclXL ratios. (c) Cell migration in Transwell assay. (d) Levels of Rac and Rho GTPase family proteins. (e) mRNA levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transcription (EMT) factors. (f) Tumour forming ability in soft agar colony assay, showing (i) morphology, (ii) quantitative number and (iii) arbitrary size of colonies. Scale bar=500 μm. (g) Protein levels of key signal transduction, survival and EMT proteins in soft agar tumorspheres. Histogram=Mean±S.D. (three experiments); *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 versus control. AU, arbitrary units