Figure 20. Enhanced mitochondrial metabolism: A new mechanism for driving tamoxifen-resistance.
A schematic diagram is shown high-lighting our observations that increased mitochondrial oxygen-consumption and ATP-production, as well as increased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative stress, all contribute to the metabolic phenotype of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. In this process, the over-expression of NQO1 and GCLC appear to be key drivers of this phenotype.