Estimates of fixed level covariates: obesity prevalence by time period, 1973–2010; B) Mean and median BMI by time period, 1973–2012; C) Obesity prevalence by birth cohort, 1885–1991; D) Mean and median BMI by birth cohort, 1885–1991. Period– and cohort–obesity were dervied from NHANES phases I (1971–1975), II (1976–1980), and III (1988–1994) and the continuous cycles (1999–2012). All estimates were calculated with sampling weights that account for nonresponse and oversampling in NHANES.