Table 4.
Effects on serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and acute-phase protein Pig-MAP on Days 4 and 8 post-inoculation in Salmonella and ETEC K88 trials.
| Treatmentsa | P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days PI | CN | CP | NN | NP | RSDb | Challenge | Probiotic | Interaction | |
| TRIAL 1: Salmonella | |||||||||
| Pig-Map (mg/ml) | 4 | 1.65 | 2.57 | 0.87 | 0.74 | 0.907 | 0.003 | 0.326 | 0.194 |
| 8 | 1.33 | 1.68 | 0.80 | 0.64 | 0.762 | 0.027 | 0.788 | 0.449 | |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 4 | 146.2 | 155.0 | 95.8 | 84.5 | 37.01 | 0.001 | 0.938 | 0.542 |
| 8 | 128.1 | 134.1 | 87.2 | 82.7 | 27.95 | 0.001 | 0.950 | 0.673 | |
| TRIAL 2: ETEC K88 | |||||||||
| Pig-Map (mg/ml) | 4 | 0.80 a,b | 0.92 a | 0.87 a,b | 0.67 b | 0.147 | 0.163 | 0.551 | 0.022 |
| 9 | 0.84 | 1.14 | 0.77 | 0.75 | 0.599 | 0.379 | 0.603 | 0.539 | |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 4 | 83.9 | 79.2 | 64.0 | 49.9 | 16.85 | 0.003 | 0.218 | 0.536 |
| 9 | 92.3 | 92.2 | 90.1 | 77.2 | 17.97 | 0.284 | 0.516 | 0.427 | |
a
Treatments: CN, challenged + no probiotic; CP, challenged + probiotic; NN, no challenge + no probiotic; NP, no challenge + probiotic.
b
Residual standard deviation. n = 8 for groups CN and CP, n = 4 for groups NN and NP.