Table 9.
Structural and optical data of bismuth halide perovskites and the highest obtained PCEs (if applied in photovoltaic devices)
| Perovskite | Sim./exp. | Crystal system (space group) | Dimensionality | Band gap/eV | PCE/% | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (NH4)3Bi2I9 | Sim./exp. | Monoclinic (P21/c) | 2D | 2.04 | – | [189] |
| (CH3NH3)3Bi2Br9 | Exp. | Trigonal (P m1) | – | – | – | [158] |
| (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 | Sim./exp. | Hexagonal (P63/mmc) at 300 K | 0D dimer | 1.94–2.11 | 0.42 | [36, 175–177, 180, 182–184, 193] |
| Monoclinic (C2/c) at 160 K | 2.04 | [180, 181] | ||||
| Monoclinic (P21) at 100 K | – | [180] | ||||
| (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9−xClx | Exp. | Hexagonal (P63/mmc) | – | 2.4 | 0.003 | [36] |
| (C6H14N)3Bi2I9 | Sim./exp. | Monoclinic (Pc) | 0D dimer | 2.9 | – | [179] |
| K3Bi2I9 | Sim./exp. | Monoclinic (P21/n) | 2D | 2.1 | – | [66] |
| Rb3Bi2Br9 | Exp. | Orthorhombic (Pnma) | – | 2.62 | – | [162] |
| Rb3Bi2I9 | Sim./exp. | Monoclinic (Pc) | 2D | 1.89–2.1 | – | [162] |
| Monoclinic (P21/n) | [66] | |||||
| Cs3Bi2Br9 | Exp. | Trigonal (P m1) | 2D | 2.50 | – | [162] |
| Cs3Bi2I9 | Sim./exp. | Hexagonal (P63/mmc) | 0D dimer | 1.8–2.2 | 1.09 | [16, 36, 66, 162, 164] |
| (CH3NH3)2KBiCl6 | Sim./exp. | Trigonal (R m) | 3D | 3.04 | – | [191] |
| Cs2CuBiX6
(X = Cl, Br, I) |
Sim. | Cubic (Fm m) | 3D | 2.0 (X = Cl) | – | [63] |
| 1.9 (X = Br) | ||||||
| 1.3 (X = I) | ||||||
| Cs2AgBiCl6 | Sim./exp. | Cubic (Fm m) | 3D | 2.2–2.77 | – | [16, 63, 190] |
| Cs2AgBiBr6 | Sim./exp. | Cubic (Fm m) | 3D | 1.95–2.19 | – | [16, 63, 64, 190] |
| Cs2AgBiI6 | Sim. | Cubic (Fm m) | 3D | 1.6 | – | [63] |
| Cs2AuBiX6
(X = Cl, Br, I) |
Sim. | Cubic (Fm m) | 3D | 1.6 (X = Cl) | – | [63] |
| 1.1 (X = Br) | ||||||
| 0.5 (X = I) | ||||||
| LiBiI4 5 H2O | Exp. | Monoclinic (C2/c) | 1D | 1.7–1.76 | – | [186] |
| MgBi2I8·8 H2O | Exp. | Monoclinic (P21/c) | 1D | 1.7–1.76 | – | [186] |
| MnBi2I8·8 H2O | Exp. | Monoclinic (P21/c) | 1D | 1.7–1.76 | – | [186] |
| KBiI4·H2O | Exp. | Monoclinic (P21/n) | 1D | 1.7–1.76 | – | [186] |
| HDABiI5 | Exp. | Orthorhombic | 1D | 2.05 | 0.027 | [54, 187] |
| [C(NH2)3]3Bi2I9 | Exp. | Orthorhombic (Cmcm) | – | – | – | [161] |
| (C10H7NH3)BiI4 | Exp. | Orthorhombic (Pbca) | 1D | 2.32 | – | [194] |
| [C6H4(NH3)2]2Bi2I10·4 H2O | Exp. | Monoclinic (P21/n) | 0D | 2.84 | – | [195] |
| (H2AEQT)Bi2/3I4 | Exp. | Monoclinic (C2/m) | 2D | – | – | [173] |
| CsBi3I10 | Exp. | – | 2D | 1.77 | 0.40 | [188] |