Table 2.
Details of transcripts encoding enzymes selected for this study and their plausible involvement in picrosides biosynthesis.
| Transcript encoding enzymes | Abbreviations | Function/pathway | Flux to picrosides [Convergent (C)/ Divergent (D)] |
Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-I | P-II | ||||
| 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase | DXPS | IPP and DMAPP production | C | C | Kumar et al., 2015b |
| 3-Deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase | DAHPS | Entry step of Shikimate pathway | C | C | Kumar et al., 2016b |
| Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase | HMGR | IPP production | C | C | Kumar et al., 2015b |
| 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase | HADH | Benzoic acid biosynthesis | D | D | Widhalm and Dudareva, 2015 |
| Anthranilate synthase | AS | Tryptophan biosynthesis | D | D | Galili et al., 2016 |
| Tyrosine decarboxylase | TDC | Tyrosine degradation | D | D | Yamada and Sato, 2016 |
| Caffeic acid-3-O-methyltransferase | CMT | Ferulic acid production | D | C | Trabucco et al., 2013 |
| Chalcone synthase | CHS | Flavonoids biosynthesis | D | D | Zuk et al., 2016 |
| Chorismate mutase | CM | Phenylalanine biosynthesis | C | C | Kumar et al., 2016b |
| Cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase | C4H | p-Coumaric acid production | D | C | Kumar et al., 2016b |
| Cinnamoyl CoA reductase | CCR | Guaiacyl lignin biosynthesis | D | D | Humphreys and Chapple, 2002 |
| Ferulic acid-5-hydroxylase | F5H | Syringyl lignin biosynthesis | D | D | Wagner et al., 2015 |
| Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase | FPPS | Sesquiterpene biosynthesis | D | D | Sun et al., 2016 |
| Geraniol synthase | GS | Monoterpene biosynthesis | C | C | Kumar et al., 2015b |
| Geranyl pyrophosphate synthase | GPPS | Terpene biosynthesis | C | C | Shitiz et al., 2015 |
| Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase | GGPPS | Diterpene biosynthesis | D | D | Kumar et al., 2016a |
| Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | G6PDH | Pentose phosphate pathway | C | C | Kumar et al., 2015b |
| Hexokinase | HK | Glycolysis | C | C | Kumar et al., 2016c |
| Isocitrate dehydrogenase | ICDH | TCA cycle | D | D | Kumar et al., 2016c |
| Pytoene synthase | PYS | Carotenoid biosynthesis | D | D | Simpson et al., 2016 |
| Pyruvate kinase | PK | Glycolysis | C | C | Kumar et al., 2016c |
| Squalene synthase | SQS | Triterpene biosynthesis | D | D | Sun et al., 2016 |
| 4-Coumarate CoA ligase | 4CL | Flavonoids biosynthesis | D | D | Humphreys and Chapple, 2002 |
| Phenylalanine ammonia lyase | PAL | Cinnamic acid production | C | C | Kumar et al., 2016b |
| Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase | PEPCK | Phosphoenolpyruvate production | C | C | Delgado-Alvarado et al., 2007 |