Table 1.
Selected participant characteristics and unadjusted percent difference in urinary flame retardant metabolite concentrations as a function of sociodemographic predictors
| n | Mean ± SD | Urinary flame retardant metabolites during pregnancya | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (%) | BCEP | BDCPP | DPhP | ||
| Characteristics | % diff (95% CI) | % diff (95% CI) | % diff (95% CI) | ||
| Maternal Age (years) | 52 | 29.5 ± 4.5 | −3.2 (−10.2, 4.2) | −4.9 (−9.7, 0.1)* | −1.4 (−5.2, 2.5) |
| Maternal Weight (kg) | 56 | 74.7 ± 20.0 | 0.9 (0.0, 1.9)* | 1.3 (0.1, 2.5)** | 0.5 (−0.1, 1.1) |
| Maternal BMI (kg/m2) | 56 | 27.7 ± 6.8 | 1.7 (−1.5, 5.0) | 3.5 (0.2, 6.9)** | 1.5 (−0.2, 3.3)* |
| Maternal Raceb | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 35 | (59) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) |
| Other | 20 | (34) | 9.1 (−34.4, 81.2) | 40.5 (−10.2, 119.9) | 10 (−20.7, 52.6) |
| Maternal Educationc | |||||
| High School or Less | 16 | (27) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) |
| Tech school/Some College | 16 | (27) | 1.3 (−53.2, 119.6) | −40.7 (−65.7, 2.8)* | −1.1 (−35.4, 51.6) |
| Bachelor's/Graduate/Professional | 26 | (44) | −30.3 (−68.2, 52.9) | −47.1 (−67.8, −13.3)** | −4.0 (−36.2, 44.4) |
| p-trend = 0.30 | p-trend = 0.02 | p-trend = 0.83 | |||
| Household Incomec | |||||
| <$25,000 | 20 | (34) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) |
| $25,000–100,000 | 20 | (34) | −6.5 (−51.2, 79.2) | −41.3 (−64.2, −3.8)** | −6.3 (−35.1, 35.4) |
| >$100,000 | 18 | (31) | −29.9 (−63.1, 33.3) | −42.8 (−64.6, −7.6)** | −10.2 (−35.8, 25.6) |
| p-trend = 0.27 | p-trend = 0.02 | p-trend = 0.52 | |||
| Parityd | |||||
| Nulliparous | 23 | (39) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) | 0 (reference) |
| Parous | 32 | (54) | −1.0 (−41.5, 67.7) | 31.2 (−16.6, 106.3) | 1.6 (−26.3, 40.0) |
BMI Body Mass Index, SD Standard deviation, *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05
a Percent difference calculated from linear mixed models using the individual sociodemographic factor of interest to predict repeated measurements at 12, 28, and 35 weeks’ gestation of log(2)-transformed specific gravity standardized concentration of each urinary flame retardant metabolite adjusted for gestational week of urine sample
b Missing n = 4
c Missing n = 1
d Missing n = 4