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| Healthy volunteers (n = 45) | IgA nephropathy (n = 31) | lupus nephropathy (n = 9) | other kidney disease n = 9 | iMN (n = 52) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean ± SD (mg/L) | 0.53 ± 0.18 | 0.70 ± 0.41 | 1.08 ± 0.65 | 0.42 ± 0.20 | 9.00 ± 11.82 |
| positive rates | 0 | 29.0% | 44.4% | 0 | 88.5% |
