Table 2.
Comparison of clinical characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients with and without carotid plaque.
| Variables | Plaque group (n = 178) |
Nonplaque group (n = 136) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (M/F) | 118/60 | 78/58 | 0.126 |
| Age (years)∗ | 56.5 ± 10.8 | 47.0 ± 11.3 | 0.000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.2 ± 3.4 | 25.5 ± 3.7 | 0.603 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 136.8 ± 18.3 | 132.9 ± 16.7 | 0.055 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 82.8 ± 9.9 | 84.6 ± 10.5 | 0.127 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) |
4.4 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ± 1.0 | 0.720 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.9 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 1.6 | 0.531 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.451 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L)∗ | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 0.010 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 273.7 ± 82.4 | 281.7 ± 88.3 | 0.344 |
| 25(OH)D3 (ng/mL)∗ | 13.4 ± 5.8 | 15.7 ± 8.0 | 0.004 |
| Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL) |
38.7 ± 23.1 | 37.7 ± 18.2 | 0.695 |
| Osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 13.1 ± 6.1 | 14.1 ± 4.7 | 0.199 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 8.2 ± 3.2 | 8.0 ± 2.9 | 0.483 |
| HbA1c (%)∗ | 10.1 ± 1.5 | 8.9 ± 1.3 | 0.000 |
| Diabetes duration (months)∗ | 113.7 ± 85.5 | 68.2 ± 66.6 | 0.000 |
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 0.197 |
| Carotid IMT (mm)∗ | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.000 |
| Smoking history [n (%)] | 65 (36.5%) | 37 (27.2%) | 0.089 |
| Family history of DM [n (%)] |
84 (47.2%) | 66 (48.5%) | 0.821 |
| Hypertension history [n (%)]∗ |
86 (48.3%) | 43 (31.6%) | 0.004 |
Differences were assessed by the independent sample t-test (for continuous variables) and by the chi-square test (for categorical variables). ∗ indicates that the comparisons of variables between the two groups were statistically significant, P < 0.05.