Figure 1.

(A) A photograph of a microfluidic sperm sorter. (B) A three-dimensional schematic of a 2-inset microchannel, 2-outlet microfluidic microchannel device with horizontally oriented fluid reservoirs that result in passively driven flow. Semen is placed in one inlet (arrow pointing into microchannel) and media placed into the other inlet. After sorting, seminal plasma, debris and non-motile sperm exit in their initial stream of flow, while motile sperm in media is collected in an outlet reservoir. (C) Micrographs and schematics illustrating the movement of semen, sperm, debris and media during sorting. Adapted from Cho et al. (2003) and Schuster et al. (2003). (D) Isolation of motile sperm with reduced DNA damage based on microfluidics and microchannels containing viscoelastic media in an attempt to recapitulate in vivo condition of the female reproductive tract. Adapted from Nosrati et al. (2014).