Item 18. Results: Outcomes.

Primary and other outcome(s) of the implementation strategy.	Primary and other outcome(s) of the Intervention (if assessed)
Examples Primary (and other) outcomes of the implementation strategy	Primary (and other) outcomes of the intervention (if assessed
The Assessment of Chronic Illness Care measurements, obtained at the beginning, midpoint and end of the initiatives, provide evidence of the progressive implementation of the components of the CCM [Chronic Care Model]. These results are described using a spider diagram.81	Changes in measures of disease control were more modest…. Nevertheless, tracking aggregate data by means of Shewhart p charts showed special cause variation reflecting improvement in blood pressure and [cholesterol] control in the late stages of the California Collaborative. Significant changes were not seen in HbA1c levels.81
There were 4,550 individuals who met inclusion criteria of which 558 individuals were contacted and received at least a phone contact… On average, individuals received 4.5 phone contacts over the 6-month intervention period.22	During the 90 days prior to the first intervention encounter (index date), 35% of patients were >80% adherent to hypertension medication. By the period of 90–179 days following the first encounter, 54% had >80% adherence for hypertension medication.22
Explanation We suggest that the primary and other outcomes of the implementation strategy are presented before the impact of the intervention on primary and other health outcomes (if measured). Authors are referred to design-specific standards for detailed advice on reporting outcomes.27–31