Figure 7.

The RAGE/ligand axis-induced activation of RAGE-mediated Nrf2 nuclear translocation in MLE-12 cells. MLE-12 cells were treated with S100A6 (10 and 20 μg/ml), S100A8 (10 and 20 μg/ml) and HMGB1 (5 and 10 μg/ml) for 48 h. The protein expression of RAGE and the localization of Nrf2 were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and Western blot. A) Immunocytochemistry of the cells treated with ligands was performed with RAGE and Nrf2 antibodies. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). The number of RAGE⁺ cells, Nrf2⁺ cells, and double-positive cells are shown in 3 randomly chosen fields. Magnification, ×600. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (n = 3). B, C) The expression of RAGE protein (B) and Nrf2 (C) nuclear translocation were analyzed by Western blot. Data are means ± sd of 3 independent experiments performed in triplicate.