FIGURE 6.

Alignment of poplar chromosomes with grape as a reference. Genomic paralogy, orthology, and outparalogy information within and among grape (V) and poplar (P) are displayed in the nine circles; the inner circle represents 19 grape chromosomes, which are differently colored. A grape chromosome block is indicated by short lines, with each representing a gene; a gene short line is colored relative to its source chromosome number in a specific species. A grape genomic region has two sets of poplar-corresponding regions, due to the poplar whole-genome duplication, to form another two circles in sequential order. The shared hexaploidy creates two sets of paralogous regions in grape that form another two circles showing the colinear genes within the grape genome. This second and third grape circle of regions have their own two sets of poplar orthologs that form another two circles of poplar chromosomal regions. The curvy lines in the inner circle show the colinear homologs in grape genome.