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. 2016 Oct 8;388(10053):1459–1544. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Development of the GBD 2015 cause of death database

Figure shows (A) different strategies used to model different causes and to (B) combine them into a consistent set of cause-specific deaths for each location, age, sex, and year. Data and analytical processes are indicated by shape and the flow chart is colour coded by major estimation component. GBD=Global Burden of Disease. BTL=basic tabulation list. CDC=Center for Disease Control and Prevention. COD=cause of death. CODEm=Cause Of Death Ensemble model. CR=cancer registry. CRS=civil registration system. DSP=disease surveillance points. ICD=International Classification of Diseases. MI=mortality/incidence ratio. MCCD=medical certification of causes of death. MM=maternal mortality. MMR=maternal mortality ratio. MMS=maternal mortality surveillance. PAF=population-attributable fraction. SCD=survey of causes of death. SEER=Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. SRS=Sample Registration System. SR MAD=super-region median average deviation. ST-GPR=spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. VA=verbal autopsy. VR=vital registration. YLL=years of life lost.