Conservation of putative PUF binding elements in Asycomocota fungi. (A) Phylogenetic tree of selected fungi (see full tree in Fig. S1). Colored branches represent each subphylum. Pink, Saccharomycotina (budding yeasts); orange, Pezizomycontina (filamentous fungi); blue, Taphrinomycontina (fission yeast), black, other fungi. (B) Representation of 8-, 9-, and 10-nt PWM models used to parameterize the log-likelihood function. Height of base represents probability of a base at each position in the binding element. (C–E) k-means clustering of orthologous transcripts based on log-likelihood scores for putative PUF binding elements in 3′UTRs for species in A, as shown in the key. Each row plots the log-likelihood PWM-match scores for an orthologous 3′UTR, and each column represents a species (with the phylogenetic tree shown above). Clustering was done independently for each heat map. Only clusters with a GO term P value lower than E-9 were highlighted (except cluster 2). Shown are the log-likelihood scores based on the 8-nt binding elements (C) found in one or more of 4425 orthologous transcripts. (D) The 9-nt binding elements found in 4,898 transcripts. (E) The 10-nt binding elements found in 4,423 transcripts.