Table 2.

Intervention Outcome Studies for Parent Management Training, Oregon

Authors	Targeted Population	Sample Size	Length of Follow-up	Randomized Comparison Group	Measurement Strategies	Analytic Framework	Mediating Variable	Effect Size on DV
Amlund Hagen et al., 2011 & Ogden & Amlund Hagen, 2008	Families in Norway with child ages 4–12 displaying at least onecf disruptive behavior disorder symptom, recruited to the study via existing child services agencies	112	12 months	Controls (treatment as usual)	Observed parental discipline, teacher ratings of social skills, parent ratings of externalizing behavior	ITT	Effective discipline, family cohesion	Small to medium
Kjøbli, Hukkelberg, & Ogden, 2013	Families in Norway with child ages 3–12 either at an early-stage / developed conduct problems, recruited from those who had contacted an agency for these issues	137	6 months	Controls (treatment as usual)	Self-reported parenting practices, parent and teacher ratings of social competence	ITT	N/A	Small to large
Kjøbli & Bjørnebekk, 2013	Families in Norway with child ages 3–12 either at an early-stage / developed conduct problems, recruited from those who had contacted an agency for these issues	216	6 months	Controls (treatment as usual)	Self-reported parenting practices, externalizing behavior	ITT	N/A	Small to medium
Bjorknes et al., 2012	Somali and Pakistani immigrant families in Norway with child ages 3–9 at risk for the development of conduct problems	96	Pre-Post	Controls (wait-list)	Self-reported parenting practices, externalizing behavior	ITT	Harsh discipline, positive parenting	Small to medium
Sigmarsdóttir, Thorlacius, Guðmundsdóttir, & DeGarmo, 2015	Families in Iceland with child ages 5–12 displaying current behavior problems at school or home	102	Pre-Post	Controls (treatment as usual)	Child adjustment construct using child, parent, and teacher reports	ITT	N/A	Small to medium
Sigmarsdóttir & Björnsdóttir, 2012	A community in Iceland	~930	10 years	N/A (quasi-experimental)	Referrals for services	N/A	N/A	Small to medium
Parra-Cardona et al., 2012	Two-parent families recruited from the community	24	Pre-Post	N/A (qualitative analysis)	Engagement, retention, satisfaction	N/A	N/A	N/A
Gewirtz & Taylor, 2009	Mothers and children residing in shelters or transitional housing	10	Pre-Post	N/A (feasibility trial)	Engagement, retention, satisfaction	N/A	N/A	N/A
Gewirtz et al., 2015	Formerly homeless families in supportive housing settings	161	2 years	Controls (treatment as usual)	Parent self-efficacy, observed parenting, child self-report of depression, teacher and parent report of child strengths	ITT	N/A	Medium to large
Wieling et al., 2015	Ugandan mothers drawn form a larger observational study and reporting significant difficulty parenting at least one child	14	5 months	N/A (feasibility trial)	Engagement, retention, satisfaction, observed positive parenting, self-reported discipline practices	N/A	N/A	Medium
Gewirtz et al., 2014	Families with a child ages 4–12 and at least one parent who had deployed recently (i.e., Iraq or Afghanistan)	42	Pre-Post	N/A (feasibility trial)	Participation, satisfaction	N/A		N/A
Forgatch et al., 2005	Recently married biological mother and stepfather families with child in grades K-3, recruited from community	110	24 months	Controls (no intervention)	Observed parenting practices, parent report of home behavior, teacher report of internalizing and externalizing behavior	ITT	Parenting practices, noncompliance, home behavior	Medium to large
DeGarmo & Forgatch, 2007	Recently married biological mother and stepfather families with child in grades K-3, recruited from community	111	25 months	Controls (no intervention)	Observed stepfather parenting	ITT	N/A	Medium
Bullard et al., 2010	Recently married biological mother and stepfather families with child in grades K-3, recruited from community	112	26 months	Controls (no intervention)	Observed parenting practices, observed marital relationship, self-reported marital satisfaction	ITT	Observed parenting practices	Medium
Wachlarowicz, Snyder, Low, Forgatch, & DeGarmo, 2012	Recently married biological mother and stepfather families with child in grades K-3, recruited from community	113	27 months	Controls (no intervention)	Coercive and positive parenting	ITT	N/A	Small to medium
Forgatch & DeGarmo, 2007	Recently separated single mothers and their sons in grades 1–3, recruited from the community	238	30 months	Controls (no intervention)	Rise out of poverty, financial stress, income-to-needs ratio	ITT	Income-to-needs ratio	Small to medium
Martinez & Forgatch, 2001	Recently separated single mothers and their sons in grades 1–3, recruited from the community	238	30 Months	Controls (no intervention)	Observed parenting practices, observed noncompliance	ITT	Positive parenting, coercive discipline	Small to medium
Forgatch et al., 2009	Recently separated single mothers and their sons in grades 1–3, recruited from the community	238	9 years	Controls (no intervention)	Observed parenting practices, teacher report of delinquency, self-reported deviant peer association, (early) arrests	ITT	Deviant peer association	Small to medium
DeGarmo et al., 2004	Recently separated single mothers and their sons in grades 1–3, recruited from the community	238	30 months	Controls (no intervention)	Observed parenting practices, teacher report of externalizing and internalizing behavior, maternal depression	ITT	Child externalizing and internalizing problems	Small to medium
Forgatch & DeGarmo, 1999	Recently separated single mothers and their sons in grades 1–3, recruited from the community	238	12 months	Controls (no intervention)	Observed parenting practices, teacher and child report of school adjustment	ITT	Effective parenting	Small to medium
Chamberlain et al., under review	Families served by private agencies in child welfare system	~2000	Pre-Post	N/A (quasi-experimental)	Reunification, placement stability	N/A	N/A	Small
Akin et al., 2014	Families swith a child with severe emotional disturbance in foster care	60	Pre-Post	Controls (treatment as usual)	Attrition, reunification	ITT	N/A	N/A