Table 4. Influence of Trans-dermal Magnesium vs placebo cream application on Serum and Urinary Magnesium Concentrations (mean +/- S.D.) for non-athlete subjects.

	Serum Concentrations,	(mmol/L)	Urinary Excretion	(mmol/24h)
Intervention	Magnesium (n = 11)	Placebo (n = 9)	Magnesium (n = 11)	Placebo (n = 9)
Pre	0.75±0.13	0.73±0.09	4.08±1.34	4.80±2.10
Post	0.92±0.18*	0.76±0.17	4.54±1.75	3.24±1.28
%Change	+22.7%	+4.11%	+11.27%	-32.50%

* P<0.02 compared with “pre-serum Mg²⁺ value