Table 3.
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia by Historical Characteristics
| Aspiration or Penetration on VFSS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | No (n=15) | Yes (n=41) | P |
| Age (days) | 56 | 46 (22, 83) | 58 (19, 91) | 0.85 |
| Female sex | 56 | 9 (60%) | 15 (37%) | 0.12 |
| >1 episode in 24 hours | 56 | 10 (67%) | 25 (61%) | 0.70 |
| Number of episodes | 18 | 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) | 0.87 |
| Color change | 56 | 0.29 | ||
| None | 0 (0%) | 3 (7%) | ||
| Red | 3 (20%) | 2 (5%) | ||
| Blue | 11 (73%) | 34 (83%) | ||
| Pale | 1 (7%) | 2 (5%) | ||
| Tone change | 37 | 0.81 | ||
| None | 4 (36%) | 12 (46%) | ||
| Limp | 4 (36%) | 9 (35%) | ||
| Shaking | 0 (0%) | 1 (4%) | ||
| Rigid | 3 (27%) | 4 (15%) | ||
| Febrile | 56 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | -- |
| URI symptoms | 56 | 1 (7%) | 5 (12%) | 1.00 |
| Duration of ALTE symptoms (seconds) | 28 | 60 (20, 90) | 30 (10, 60) | 0.56 |
| ALTE upright (vs. flat) | 18 | 0 (0%) | 2 (15%) | 1.00 |
| Relationship to feeds | 51 | 0.84 | ||
| No | 5 (42%) | 12 (31%) | ||
| During | 3 (25%) | 13 (33%) | ||
| After | 4 (33%) | 14 (36%) | ||
| Time since last feeding (minutes) | 10 | 240 (n=1) | 45 (15, 120) | 0.32 |
| Associated emesis | 56 | 0.63 | ||
| None | 11 (73%) | 34 (83%) | ||
| Yes, before | 3 (20%) | 4 (10%) | ||
| Yes, after | 1 (7%) | 3 (7%) | ||
| Mucus or foaming at mouth | 55 | 3 (20%) | 3 (8%) | 0.33 |
| Interventions in the field (yes vs. no) | 56 | 8 (53%) | 22 (54%) | 0.98 |
| Appeared well in ED | 56 | 15 (100%) | 39 (95%) | 1.00 |
| Admitted to ICU or NICU | 56 | 1 (7%) | 12 (29%) | 0.15 |