Figure 4. Breast Cancer Mapping.

Patient with breast cancer prior to sentinel lymph node biopsy.

(A) Conventional axillary MRI shows nonenlarged lymph nodes that do not meet the size criteria of malignancy (white bar = 5 mm).

(B) Following intravenous administration of nanoparticles, a single 3-mm intranodal metastasis was correctly identified.

(C) Ex vivo MRI of sentinel node specimen confirms metastasis.

(D) Semiautomated nodal analysis and reconstruction correctly juxtaposed solitary lymph node metastases adjacent to two normal lymph nodes.

(E) Correlative histopathology confirms the diagnosis. For 3D reconstruction of axillary nodal anatomy see Video 2.