Table 3.
The odds ratios for having low cognitive function based on CASI scores (the lowest 10% of racial distributions) in the total sample and by APOE ε4 status
| Measures | Total (n = 4392) |
APOE ε4 positive (n = 1093) |
APOE ε4 negative (n = 3030) |
Interaction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Metabolic syndrome | ||||
| Exam 1 | 1.35 (1.09–1.66) | 0.98 (0.65–1.47) | 1.33 (1.02–1.72) | .129 |
| Exam 5 | 1.29 (1.04–1.59) | 1.01 (0.68–1.51) | 1.27 (0.98–1.64) | .253 |
| Both versus neither | 1.41 (1.10–1.80) | 0.92 (0.56–1.49) | 1.52 (1.12–2.07) | .089 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | ||||
| Exam 1 | 0.99 (0.88–1.10) | 0.95 (0.73–1.25) | 1.00 (0.87–1.14) | .597 |
| Exam 5 | 1.04 (0.94–1.16) | 0.83 (0.63–1.09) | 1.16 (1.01–1.33) | .012 |
| Change | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 0.80 (0.61–1.04) | 1.19 (1.04–1.35) | .003 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | ||||
| Exam 1 | 1.09 (1.00–1.20) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) | 1.11 (1.00–1.24) | .326 |
| Exam 5 | 1.04 (0.94–1.15) | 0.90 (0.71–1.15) | 1.10 (0.98–1.25) | .075 |
| Change | 0.95 (0.85–1.05) | 0.87 (0.72–1.06) | 0.99 (0.87–1.13) | .373 |
| HOMA-IR | ||||
| Exam 1 | 0.98 (0.85–1.12) | 0.89 (0.51–1.57) | 0.99 (0.83–1.18) | .619 |
| Exam 5 | 1.08 (0.97–1.20) | 0.79 (0.59–1.06) | 1.18 (1.04–1.33) | .014 |
| Change | 1.10 (0.98–1.23) | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | 1.20 (1.06–1.36) | .008 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | ||||
| Exam 1 | 1.13 (1.02–1.26) | 1.24 (1.02–1.51) | 1.10 (0.97–1.25) | .237 |
| Exam 5 | 1.13 (1.02–1.25) | 1.04 (0.85–1.26) | 1.20 (1.06–1.35) | .221 |
| Change | 1.01 (0.92–1.11) | 0.87 (0.72–1.04) | 1.09 (0.97–1.22) | .023 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | ||||
| Exam 1 | 1.09 (0.98–1.21) | 1.24 (1.02–1.51) | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) | .317 |
| Exam 5 | 1.15 (1.04–1.28) | 1.14 (0.94–1.40) | 1.18 (1.04–1.34) | .487 |
| Change | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) | 0.91 (0.75–1.10) | 1.11 (0.98–1.25) | .076 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | ||||
| Exam 1 | 1.06 (0.96–1.17) | 0.98 (0.79–1.22) | 1.08 (0.96–1.21) | .413 |
| Exam 5 | 1.09 (0.99–1.21) | 1.10 (0.92–1.31) | 1.11 (0.98–1.25) | .153 |
| Change | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) | 1.02 (0.88–1.17) | .337 |
| HDL-c (mg/dL) | ||||
| Exam 1 | 1.00 (0.90–1.11) | 1.12 (0.92–1.36) | 0.95 (0.83–1.08) | .151 |
| Exam 5 | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 1.11 (0.91–1.35) | 1.00 (0.88–1.14) | .335 |
| Change | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 1.01 (0.83–1.22) | 1.04 (0.91–1.18) | .980 |
Abbreviations: CASI, Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument; BP, blood pressure; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
NOTE. Total model adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and APOE ε4. Stratified models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education. Coefficients for the continuous measures are compared per standardized z-scores.