Table 2.
Census tract outlier analysis by smoothing method for Bordetella pertussis incidence and pertussis immunization UTD rates, Denver, CO, 2012.
| Smoothing method | Outliers | Outliers by smoothing/weighting method |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Queen Contiguity | Rook Contiguity | K-Nearest Neighbor | Distance Weight | ||||
| Bordetella pertussis incidence | Empirical Bayes | Upper | 6 | — | — | — | — |
| Lower | 1 | — | — | — | — | ||
| Spatial empirical Bayes | Upper | — | 11 | 6 | 9 | 10 | |
| Lower | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Spatial rate | Upper | — | 0 | 5 | 11 | 0 | |
| Lower | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Pertussis immunization UTD | Empirical Bayes | Upper | 5 | — | — | — | — |
| Lower | 4 | — | — | — | — | ||
| Spatial empirical Bayes | Upper | — | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
| Lower | — | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Spatial rate | Upper | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Lower | — | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8 | ||
Abbreviation: UTD, up-to-date.