Table 4.
Multivariate Analysis of Covariance of Differences in PTSD Symptom Clusters by Trauma History
| Overall Model | Reexperiencing | Avoidance | Hyperarousal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wilks’ lambda |
F | Effect size (η2p) |
F | Effect size (η2p) |
F | Effect size (η2p) |
F | Effect size (η2p) |
|
| Model 1 | |||||||||
| Intercept | .29 | 170.87*** | .71 | 168.12*** | .44 | 417.80*** | .66 | 338.09*** | .61 |
| Main effects | |||||||||
| Number of criterion A events | .88 | 9.48*** | .12 | 21.30*** | .09 | 6.11* | .03 | 15.93*** | .07 |
| IPV | .98 | 1.75 | .02 | 4.70* | .02 | 0.77 | .00 | 0.00 | .00 |
| SA | .92 | 6.41** | .08 | 5.79* | .03 | 18.49*** | .08 | 8.06** | .04 |
| Interaction effects | |||||||||
| IPV × SA | .96 | 2.81* | .04 | 0.30 | .00 | 6.03* | .03 | 0.01 | .00 |
| Model 2 | |||||||||
| Intercept | .32 | 145.18*** | .68 | 134.48*** | .39 | 360.33*** | .63 | 281.11*** | .57 |
| Main effects | |||||||||
| Gender | .99 | 0.82 | .01 | 0.00 | .00 | 0.79 | .00 | 0.45 | .00 |
| Number of criterion A events | .87 | 10.16*** | .13 | 22.18*** | .10 | 7.82** | .04 | 18.27*** | .08 |
| IPV | .98 | 1.31 | .02 | 3.84 | .02 | 0.22 | .00 | 0.17 | .00 |
| SA | .92 | 5.68** | .08 | 2.78 | .01 | 15.93*** | .07 | 8.86** | .04 |
| Interaction effects | |||||||||
| IPV × SA | .97 | 1.93 | .03 | 0.00 | .00 | 4.38* | .02 | 0.07 | .00 |
| IPV × gender | .99 | 0.78 | .01 | 0.00 | .00 | 0.09 | .00 | 1.32 | .01 |
| SA × gender | .99 | 0.84 | .01 | 1.35 | .01 | 1.34 | .01 | 0.00 | .00 |
| IPV × SA × gender | .96 | 2.62 | .04 | 0.00 | .00 | 3.38 | .02 | 6.32* | .03 |
SA= Sexual assault; IPV = Intimate-partner-perpetrated violence
***
p < .001
**
p < .01
*
p < .05
η2p = Partial eta squared