Table 2.
Estimates of Adjusted Logistic Regression Models with ADL/IADL stage association with those who had trouble getting health care in the last year.
| Model adjusted with ADL stage | Model adjusted with IADL stage | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | odds ratios (95% CIs) | P value | odds ratios (95% CIs) | P value |
| Functional Characteristic of Stage (reference: Stage 0) | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||
| Stage I | 1.53 (1.32–1.76) | <.0001 | 1.32 (1.12–1.56) | 0.001 |
| Stage II | 1.74 (1.45–2.08) | <.0001 | 2.03 (1.69–2.44) | <.0001 |
| Stage III | 2.47 (1.99–3.06) | <.0001 | 2.05 (1.65–2.54) | <.0001 |
| Stage IV | 2.86 (1.97–4.14) | <.0001 | 2.64 (1.79–3.89) | <.0001 |
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (reference: 65–74) | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||
| <65 | 2.61 (2.24–3.03) | <.0001 | 2.45 (2.08–2.88) | <.0001 |
| 75–84 | 0.61 (0.51–0.73) | <.0001 | 0.61 (0.51–0.73) | <.0001 |
| >=85 | 0.42 (0.32–0.54) | <.0001 | 0.41 (0.32–0.53) | <.0001 |
| Gender (reference: female) | ||||
| Male | 0.93 (0.80–1.08) | 0.32 | 0.94 (0.81–1.09) | 0.40 |
| Race/Ethnicity (reference: non-Hispanic white) | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||
| Hispanic | 1.35 (1.05–1.75) | 0.02 | 1.36 (1.06–1.76) | 0.02 |
| non-Hispanic Black | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 0.21 | 0.87 (0.69–1.10) | 0.25 |
| Other | 1.34 (0.90–2.00) | 0.16 | 1.32 (0.88–1.97) | 0.18 |
| Education (reference: High school diploma or above) | ||||
| No high school diploma | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 0.56 | 0.96 (0.84–1.09) | 0.51 |
| Metropolitan Setting (reference: Nonmetropolitan) | ||||
| Metropolitan | 1.12 (0.90–1.40) | 0.32 | 0.96 (0.84–1.09) | 0.51 |
| Duel Insurance (reference: Medicare only) | ||||
| Medicare plus Medicaid | 1.42 (1.19–1.68) | <.0001 | 1.12 (0.90–1.40) | 0.31 |
| Living Arrangement (reference: With spouse) | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||
| Retirement community | 1.41 (1.10–1.82) | 0.01 | 1.43 (1.11–1.84) | 0.01 |
| With children | 1.49 (1.21–1.83) | 0.0002 | 1.49 (1.21–1.83) | 0.0002 |
| With others | 1.49 (1.18–1.87) | 0.001 | 1.44 (1.14–1.81) | 0.002 |
| Alone | 1.43 (1.22–1.68) | <.0001 | 1.44 (1.23–1.68) | <.0001 |
| Proxy Responded (reference: Sample person responded) | ||||
| Proxy responded | 0.69 (0.53–0.89) | 0.01 | 0.59 (0.44–0.79) | 0.001 |
| Medical and disability condition | ||||
| Vision Impairment (reference: No) | ||||
| Yes | 1.75 (1.45–2.10) | <.0001 | 1.73 (1.45–2.06) | <.0001 |
| Hearing Impairment (reference: No) | ||||
| Yes | 1.27 (1.05–1.55) | 0.02 | 1.19 (0.96–1.47) | 0.12 |
| * Number of comorbidities | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 0.03 | 1.06 (1.02–1.10) | 0.01 |
*
Number of comorbidities including: mental retardation, Alzheimer’s/dementia, mental/psychiatric disorder, hypertension, myocardial infarction, angina/chronic heart disease, other heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, Parkinson’s disease, emphysema/asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, non-rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis/soft bones, and other (non-skin) cancer.