Table 4.
Characteristics of the sample by focus group.
| Patient characteristics |
|
Group 1 Yes portal, high literacy (n=7) |
Group 2 No portal, high literacy (n=8) |
Group 3 Yes portal, low literacy (n=4) |
Group 4 No portal, low literacy (n=4) |
| Sociodemographics |
|
|
|
|
|
| Age in years, mean (range) |
|
73.29 (66-80) | 73.88 (66-80) | 69.00 (66-73) | 72.50 (65-82) |
| Gender, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male | 4 (57.1) | 3 (37.5) | 2 (50) | 2 (50) |
| Race, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White | 5 (71.4) | 2 (25) | 3 (75) | 3 (75) |
|
|
African American | 2 (28.6) | 3 (37.5%) | 0 (0) | 1 (25) |
|
|
Other | 0 (0) | 3 (37.5) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) |
|
|
Refuseda |
|
1(12.5) |
|
|
| Marital status, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Single or divorced or widowed | 2 (28.6) | 5 (87.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (50) |
|
|
Married or living with partner | 5 (71.4) | 1 (12.5) | 4 (100) | 2 (50) |
| Education, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High school degree or general educational development | 1 (14.3) | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (25) |
|
|
Associate or vocational training | 2 (28.6) | 4 (50) | 0 (0) | 1 (25) |
|
|
Bachelor’s degree | 2 (28.6) | 3 (37.5) | 2 (50) | 1 (25) |
|
|
Master’s degree | 2 (28.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (50) | 1 (25) |
| Income in US $, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<$14,999 | 1 (14.3) | 2 (25) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
|
|
$15,000-$39,999 | 1 (14.3) | 2 (25) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) |
|
|
$40,000-$69,999 | 1 (14.3) | 3 (37.5) | 1 (25) | 3 (75) |
|
|
>$70,000 | 2 (28.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (50) | 0 (0) |
|
|
Refuseda |
|
1 (12.5) |
|
1 (25) |
| Health characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
| Current health status, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Poor to fair | 2 (28.6) | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (50) |
|
|
Good | 3 (42.9) | 3 (37.5) | 3 (75) | 0 (0) |
|
|
Very good to excellent | 2 (28.6) | 4 (50) | 1 (25) | 2 (50) |
| Daily activities limited due to physical health, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Never | 4 (57.1) | 5 (62.5) | 1 (25) | 2 (50) |
|
|
Seldom | 1 (14.3) | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 1(25) |
|
|
Sometimes | 1 (14.3) | 2 (25) | 3 (75) | 0 (0) |
|
|
Often to always | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1(25) |
| Number of comorbidities mode (range) |
|
1 (1-2) | 1 (0-5) | 1 (1-2) | 2 (0-2) |
| Health literacy |
|
|
|
|
|
| Newest vital sign (possible score 0-6) Mean (range)b |
|
4.71 (2-6) | 3.2 (0-6) | 5.5 (5-6) | 2.75 (0-5) |
| Newest vital sign time to complete (minutes, seconds) Mean (range)b |
|
3.28 (3.44- 5.38) | 5.43 (2.7- 16.33) | 3.46 (2.53-7.0) | 5.12 (2.41-7.23) |
| Engagement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
PAMc
(possible score 0-100)
Mean (range) |
|
77.80 (56.40-100.00) | 82.74 (52.90-100.00) | 66.40 (56.40-77.50) | 76.21 (56.40-100.00) |
|
|
PAMc level 1, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
|
|
PAM level 2, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
|
|
PAM level 3, n (%) | 2 (28.6) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (50) | 1 (25) |
|
|
PAM level 4, n (%) | 5 (71.4) | 6 (75) | 2 (50) | 3 (75) |
| Technology attitude |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Searched on the Web for health-related information (yes) | 4 (57) | 4 (50) | 2 (50) | 2 (50) |
|
|
Technology attitudes (possible score 0-10), mean (range) |
6.60 (5-8.5) | 6.45 (5-8) | 6.68 (5-8) | 4.88 (4-6) |
| Portal Use |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Someone helps you use portal some or all of the time (yes), n (%) | 3 (42.9) | 1 (12.5) | 1 (25) | 1 (25) |
|
|
Someone accesses the portal on your behalf some or all of the time (yes), n (%) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (12.5) | 1 (25) | 1 (25) |
aParticipants chose not to supply information.
bThe newest vital sign (NVS) measured during the focus group sessions only.
cPAM: patient activation measure.