Table 4.
Prognostic factors associated with NEC reported in at least two studies
| First author: | Boo | Carter | Drenckpohl | Faustini | Gagliardi | Gephart | Guthrie | Lee | Luig | Manogura | Uauy | Yamoto | Yee | Youn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Low) birth weightb | OR 0.999 [0.998,0.999]c |
OR 1.001 [p = 0.164]d,e |
OR 1 [1.000,1.001] |
. | . | . | p < 0.001f | OR 0.07 [0.01,0.53]g |
. | p < 0.001f | OR 0.999 [p < 0.001]c,d,h |
. | . | . |
| Gestational age (weeks)b | . | . | . | . | . | OR 2.37 [1.78,3.16]i |
. | OR 1.14 [0.85,1.54]g |
OR 0.82 [0.77,0.89]g |
. | . | OR 19.32 [3.27,370.43]j |
OR 0.84 [0.81,0.87]g |
. |
| Sepsis | . | . | OR 4.98 [2.2,11.27]a |
. | OR 5.38 [2.86,10.14]k |
OR 1.49 [1.30,1.72]k |
. | OR 1.41 [0.42,4.67]a |
. | . | . | . | . | OR 1.75 [0.71,2.86]l |
| Ethnicity | . | OR 0.571 [p = 0.317]d,m |
OR 0.36 [0.17,0.78]n |
. | . | OR 1.22 [1.09,1.35]m |
. | . | . | . | OR 1.68 [p < 0.001]d,h,m |
. | . | . |
| Hypotension | . | . | . | . | . | OR 1.51 [1.36,1.69]o |
. | . | . | . | . | . | . | OR 2.00 [1.001,3.999]o |
| Outborn | . | . | . | . | . | OR 1.31 [1.17,1.46] |
. | . | . | . | . | . | OR 1.55 [1.31,1.83] |
. |
| Assisted ventilation | . | OR 1.053 [p = 0.047]d,a |
. | . | OR 2.71 [1.03,7.15]a |
. | OR 3.5 [2.5,4.7]p |
. | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| Cesarean section | . | . | . | . | . | . | OR 0.60 [0.50,0.80] |
. | . | . | OR 0.60 [p < 0.001]d,h |
. | . | . |
| PROM | . | . | OR 2.06 [1.02,4.16] |
. | . | . | . | . | . | . | OR 1.10 [p < 0.009]d,h |
. | . | . |
| Small for gestational ageb | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | OR 1.97 [1.19,3.26]a |
. | . | . | OR 1.35 [1.08,1.69]q |
. |
| Surfactant | OR 1.59 [1.17,2.16] |
. | . | . | OR 0.41 [0.19,0.90] |
. | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
This table shows the strength and the direction of association of prognostic factors, with concomitant confidence intervals if available
NEC necrotizing enterocolitis, OR odds ratio, PROM premature rupture of membranes
Footnotes: a exact definition was lacking; b cutt-off values differs between studies; c < 1500 g; d no CI was given or could be calculated; e < 1500 g or requiring mechanical ventilation at birth; f OR increased with decreasing weight, no exact ratio was given; g calculated for increase of one unit of the continuous variable; h calculated by results presented in article; i < 28 weeks; j < 26 weeks; k late-onset sepsis; l combination of early- and late-onset sepsis; m black ethnicity; n white ethnicity; o inotropics requirement; p mechanical ventilation first day of life; q < 10th percentile for the given GA