Table 1.
Characteristic | Quartile of Accelerometer-Measured Sedentary Time, hours/day | P Value | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<8.18 (n = 322) | 8.18–9.23 (n = 326) | 9.24–10.21 (n = 324) | ≥10.22 (n = 325) | ||||||||||||
No. of Women | % | Mean (SD/SE) | No. of Women | % | Mean (SD/SE) | No. of Women | % | Mean (SD/SE) | No. of Women | % | Mean (SD/SE) | ANOVAb | χ2 Testc | GLMd | |
Age, yearse | 77.8 (6.6) | 78.9 (6.8) | 79.6 (6.7) | 80.4 (6.5) | <0.01 | ||||||||||
Age group, years | <0.01 | ||||||||||||||
64–69 | 36 | 11.2 | 32 | 9.8 | 26 | 8.0 | 19 | 5.9 | |||||||
70–74 | 71 | 22.1 | 66 | 20.3 | 62 | 19.1 | 46 | 14.2 | |||||||
75–79 | 83 | 25.8 | 67 | 20.6 | 56 | 17.3 | 61 | 18.8 | |||||||
80–84 | 84 | 26.1 | 78 | 23.9 | 93 | 28.7 | 110 | 33.9 | |||||||
≥85 | 48 | 14.9 | 83 | 25.5 | 87 | 26.9 | 89 | 27.4 | |||||||
Race/ethnicityf | <0.01 | ||||||||||||||
White | 155 | 48.1 | 181 | 55.5 | 196 | 60.5 | 224 | 68.9 | |||||||
African-American | 167 | 51.9 | 145 | 44.5 | 128 | 39.5 | 101 | 31.1 | |||||||
Educationf | 0.79 | ||||||||||||||
Less than high school | 14 | 4.4 | 9 | 2.8 | 9 | 2.8 | 12 | 3.7 | |||||||
High school diploma | 50 | 15.5 | 50 | 15.4 | 53 | 16.5 | 50 | 15.4 | |||||||
Some college | 107 | 33.2 | 126 | 38.9 | 124 | 38.5 | 129 | 39.8 | |||||||
College graduate | 151 | 46.9 | 139 | 42.9 | 136 | 42.2 | 133 | 41.1 | |||||||
Baseline marital statusf | 0.48 | ||||||||||||||
Married/living as married | 190 | 59.2 | 194 | 59.9 | 183 | 56.5 | 177 | 54.6 | |||||||
Widowed | 46 | 14.3 | 55 | 17.0 | 56 | 17.3 | 68 | 21.0 | |||||||
Divorced/separated | 73 | 22.7 | 60 | 18.5 | 75 | 23.2 | 65 | 20.1 | |||||||
Never married | 12 | 3.7 | 15 | 4.6 | 10 | 3.1 | 14 | 4.3 | |||||||
Baseline smoking historyf | 0.12 | ||||||||||||||
Never smoked | 170 | 53.1 | 183 | 56.3 | 172 | 54.1 | 169 | 52.8 | |||||||
Past smoker | 133 | 41.6 | 127 | 39.1 | 115 | 36.2 | 133 | 41.6 | |||||||
Current smoker | 17 | 5.3 | 15 | 4.6 | 31 | 9.8 | 18 | 5.6 | |||||||
Baseline alcohol consumptionf | 0.81 | ||||||||||||||
Nondrinker | 40 | 12.6 | 37 | 11.4 | 35 | 10.8 | 40 | 12.3 | |||||||
Past drinker | 61 | 19.2 | 68 | 20.9 | 71 | 22.0 | 56 | 17.2 | |||||||
Current drinker | 217 | 68.2 | 220 | 67.7 | 217 | 67.2 | 229 | 70.5 | |||||||
Body mass indexg | <0.01 | ||||||||||||||
Underweight (<18.5) | 6 | 1.9 | 3 | 0.9 | 4 | 1.2 | 3 | 0.9 | |||||||
Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 125 | 38.9 | 106 | 33.0 | 96 | 29.8 | 65 | 20.4 | |||||||
Overweight (≥25) | 113 | 35.2 | 114 | 35.5 | 105 | 32.6 | 122 | 38.2 | |||||||
Obese (≥30) | 77 | 24.0 | 98 | 30.5 | 117 | 36.3 | 129 | 40.4 | |||||||
Self-rated health | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||
Excellent | 42 | 13.6 | 22 | 7.0 | 25 | 8.2 | 25 | 8.0 | |||||||
Very good | 131 | 42.3 | 143 | 45.3 | 126 | 41.3 | 119 | 38.1 | |||||||
Good | 112 | 36.1 | 120 | 38.0 | 116 | 38.0 | 134 | 43.0 | |||||||
Fair/poor | 25 | 8.1 | 31 | 9.8 | 38 | 12.5 | 34 | 10.9 | |||||||
Current high blood pressureh | 52 | 16.5 | 44 | 13.6 | 68 | 21.2 | 68 | 21.4 | 0.03 | ||||||
History of hypertension | 252 | 78.3 | 263 | 80.7 | 268 | 82.7 | 261 | 80.3 | 0.56 | ||||||
History of use of hormone therapy | 224 | 71.1 | 210 | 65.6 | 228 | 71.0 | 231 | 72.2 | 0.26 | ||||||
History of chronic diseases | |||||||||||||||
CHD | 14 | 4.4 | 16 | 4.9 | 19 | 5.9 | 30 | 9.2 | 0.04 | ||||||
Stroke | 10 | 3.1 | 4 | 1.2 | 16 | 4.9 | 11 | 3.4 | 0.06 | ||||||
Diabetes | 49 | 15.2 | 71 | 21.8 | 71 | 21.9 | 76 | 23.4 | 0.05 | ||||||
Cancer | 43 | 13.4 | 67 | 20.6 | 68 | 21.0 | 63 | 19.4 | 0.05 | ||||||
Any of the above | 104 | 32.3 | 135 | 41.4 | 141 | 43.5 | 140 | 43.1 | 0.01 | ||||||
Experienced a fall in the past 12 months | 74 | 23.9 | 106 | 34.2 | 102 | 32.3 | 99 | 31.3 | 0.03 | ||||||
Physical performance scoree | 8.5 (2.2) | 8.2 (2.4) | 7.9 (2.7) | 7.4 (2.6) | <0.01 | ||||||||||
Accelerometer-measured MVPA, hours/dayi,j | 1.24 [0.02] | 0.86 [0.02] | 0.68 [0.02] | 0.39 [0.02] | <0.01 | ||||||||||
Self-reported sedentary time, hours/daye | 7.2 (3.6) | 8.3 (4.1) | 9.2 (4.4) | 10.0 (4.2) | <0.01 | ||||||||||
LTL, kilobasese | 6.70 (0.59) | 6.68 (0.60) | 6.56 (0.60) | 6.54 (0.60) | <0.01 | ||||||||||
Age- and race-adjusted LTL, kilobasesj | 6.66 [0.03] | 6.68 [0.03] | 6.60 [0.03] | 6.62 [0.03] | 0.20 |
Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; CHD, coronary heart disease; GLM, general linear model; MVPA, moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity; OPACH, Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health; LTL, leukocyte telomere length; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error.
a All characteristics represent current status, unless otherwise noted. Sample sizes for variables in each column do not sum to totals because of missing data.
bP value was calculated using ANOVA.
cP value was calculated using a χ2 test.
dP value was calculated using a GLM.
e Values are expressed as mean (standard deviation).
f Determined at the 1993–1998 baseline visit.
g Weight (kg)/height (m)2.
h Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg.
i Adjusted for hours of wear time.
j Values are expressed as mean [standard error].