Table 3.
The effects of leg length and skull circumference on prevalence of dementia expressed as prevalence ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) controlling for age, gender, education and family history of dementia
| Cuba | DR | Peru (urban) | Peru (rural) | Venezuela | Mexico (urban) | Mexico (rural) | China (urban) | China (rural) | India (urban) | India (rural) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leg length quarter | |||||||||||
| 1 (shortest) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| 2 | 0.91 (0.70-1.19) | 0.74 (0.54-1.02) | 0.64 (0.39-1.07) | 0.78 (0.32-1.90) | 0.63 (0.33-1.20) | 1.08 (0.69-1.69) | 1.17 (0.69-1.98) | 1.05 (0.62-1.77) | 0.95 (0.42-2.17) | 1.33 (0.56-3.17) | 0.97 (0.49-1.90) |
| 3 | 1.11 (0.85-1.46) | 0.60 (0.42-0.87) | 0.73 (0.44-1.19) | 1.36 (0.52-3.56) | 0.95 (0.56-1.63) | 0.97 (0.54-1.74) | 0.89 (0.49-1.61) | 0.76 (0.41-1.42) | 1.66 (0.85-3.25) | 1.18 (0.53-2.65) | 0.79 (0.40-1.56) |
| 4 (longest) | 0.77 (0.52-1.12) | 0.63 (0.42-0.97) | 0.98 (0.60-1.61) | 1.62 (0.54-4.79) | 0.82 (0.43-1.56) | 0.76 (0.38-1.54) | 0.85 (0.42-1.70) | 0.54 (0.25-1.19) | 1.05 (0.50-2.23) | 0.96 (0.42-2.19) | 1.05 (0.52-2.13) |
| Per 1 cm increase in leg length | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | 0.97 (0.96-0.99) | 0.99 (0.97-1.01) | 1.02 (0.97-1.08) | 1.00 (0.98-1.02) | 0.99 (0.96-1.02) | 0.98 (0.95-1.02) | 0.97 (0.94-1.01) | 1.01 (0.99-1.04) | 1.00 (0.97-1.03) | 0.99 (0.95-1.02) |
| Skull circumference quarter | |||||||||||
| 1 (smallest) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| 2 | 0.63 (0.48-0.83) | 1.37 (0.89-2.12) | 0.95 (0.60-1.51) | 0.58 (0.26-1.28) | 1.24 (0.62-2.46) | 0.93 (0.47-1.80) | 0.97 (0.52-1.81) | 0.64 (0.38-1.06) | 0.67 (0.33-1.37) | 0.94 (0.58-1.55) | 0.82 (0.56-1.21) |
| 3 | 0.56 (0.41-0.78) | 0.99 (0.61-1.63) | 1.35 (0.81-2.26) | 0.31 (0.09-1.05) | 1.34 (0.76-2.36) | 1.28 (0.61-2.65) | 1.30 (0.73-2.30) | 0.62 (0.31-1.23) | 1.05 (0.55-2.03) | 1.69 (0.81-3.53) | 0.39 (0.12-1.24) |
| 4 (largest) | 0.51 (0.37-0.71) | 1.07 (0.68-1.67) | 0.93 (0.55-1.58) | 0.41 (0.15-1.17) | 0.84 (0.43-1.65) | 1.08 (0.51-2.26) | 1.09 (0.63-1.89) | 0.71 (0.39-1.29) | 0.56 (0.28-1.13) | 0.71 (0.18-2.85) | 0.81 (0.29-2.24) |
| Per 1 cm increase in skull circumference | 0.89 (0.84-0.95) | 0.98 (0.93-1.04) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | 0.83 (0.71-0.97) | 1.03 (0.95-1.13) | 0.96 (0.86-1.08) | 1.00 (0.91-1.10) | 0.93 (0.84-1.03) | 0.98 (0.93-1.03) | 1.00 (0.90-1.11) | 0.90 (0.81-1.01) |