Table 1. Characteristics of the Participants.
| No headache | Migraine | Frequent TTH | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n = 3723 | n = 1335 | n = 1160 | |||
| Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | |
| Participants (n) | 1974 | 1749 | 1041 | 294 | 803 | 357 |
| Age, years (SD) | 31.6 (6.4) | 32.3 (6.2) | 32.4 (6.0)** | 33.1 (5.9) | 32.3 (6.3)* | 33.5 (5.8)** |
| Birth weight, grams (SD) | 3492 (512) | 3641 (543) | 3454 (515) | 3570 (541)* | 3452 (529) | 3650 (513) |
| Gestational age, weeks (SD) | 40.1 (1.7) | 39.9 (1.8) | 40.0 (1.8) | 39.8 (1.7) | 40.0 (1.7) | 40.0 (1.8) |
| Birth weight for gestational age | ||||||
| AGA, % (n) | 79.3 (1565) | 80.8 (1413) | 79.4 (827) | 74.5 (219) | 77.1 (619) | 81.5 (291) |
| SGA, % (n) | 6.9 (137) | 6.4 (112) | 8.3 (86) | 8.8 (26) | 9.6 (77)* | 5.3 (19) |
| VSGA, % (n) | 3.9 (76) | 3.0 (52) | 4.5 (47) | 7.5 (22)*** | 5.0 (40) | 3.4 (12) |
| LGA, % (n) | 9.9 (196) | 9.8 (172) | 7.8 (81) | 9.2 (27) | 8.3 (67) | 9.8 (35) |
TTH: Tension-type headache; n: Numbers of participants, SD: Standard Deviation; AGA: Appropriate for gestational age (weight by percentile); VSGA: Very small for gestational age (< 3rd percentile); LGA: Large for gestational age (>90th percentile). Group mean or proportion is significantly different than no-headache control mean or proportion for the same sex at *p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001 as determined by chi-square tests for categorical variables and independent t-tests for continuous variables.