Table 4.
Associations of Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics with Cumulative Pack Years Remote and Recent among Current and Former Smokers.
| Variable | Subgroup | No. of patients | Mean (std) Total Pack years | p-value | Mean (std) Remote Pack Years | p-value | Mean (std) Recent Pack Years | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age Category | <60 | 243 | 30.2 (23.8) | <0.001 | 21.5 (18.5) | <0.001 | 9.1 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| 60-75 | 198 | 40.0 (27.6) | 33.4 (23.4) | 6.6 (6.8) | ||||
| >75 | 62 | 36.6 (34.4) | 34.0 (31.1) | 3.2 (5.5) | ||||
| Gender | Male | 372 | 36.1 (26.5) | 0.09 | 28.8 (22.6) | 0.10 | 7.6 (7.4) | 0.23 |
| Female | 131 | 31.4 (28.8) | 24.9 (24.2) | 6.7 (6.8) | ||||
| Married | Married | 206 | 38.1 (27.1) | 0.03 | 29.6 (23.4) | 0.14 | 8.9 (7.1) | <0.001 |
| Not Married | 297 | 32.6 (27.0) | 26.5 (22.9) | 6.3 (7.1) | ||||
| Prior Ca | No | 423 | 34.1 (27.2) | 0.18 | 26.8 (22.7) | 0.03 | 7.6 (7.4) | 0.09 |
| Yes | 80 | 38.6 (27.1) | 32.9 (24.8) | 6.1 (6.3) | ||||
| Prior HNCa | No | 481 | 34.7 (27.3) | 0.48 | 27.4 (23.0) | 0.12 | 7.5 (7.3) | 0.01 |
| Yes | 22 | 38.9 (25.2) | 35.3 (24.6) | 3.6 (4.7) | ||||
| Stage | I/Cis | 78 | 35.9 (29.2) | 0.47 | 28.0 (23.9) | 0.47 | 7.9 (7.5) | 0.55 |
| II | 57 | 37.6 (25.6) | 31.2 (21.1) | 7.7 (6.5) | ||||
| III | 81 | 37.7 (26.9) | 29.6 (23.0) | 8.1 (7.9) | ||||
| IV | 287 | 33.3 (27.0) | 26.5 (23.3) | 7.0 (7.1) | ||||
| Disease Site | Larynx | 129 | 42.3 (25.0) | <0.001 | 32.9 (20.9) | 0.002 | 9.7 (7.1) | <0.001 |
| Oral Cavity | 193 | 36.1 (30.1) | 28.6 (25.4) | 7.7 (7.2) | ||||
| Oropharynx | 161 | 27.5 (23.1) | 22.6 (20.6) | 5.1 (6.8) | ||||
| Hypopharynx | 20 | 34.9 (27.4) | 27.6 (24.7) | 6.8 (6.8) | ||||
| Comorbidities | none | 109 | 26.3 (22.0) | <0.001 | 19.9 (17.4) | <0.001 | 7.0 (6.7) | 0.88 |
| mild | 247 | 35.9 (28.1) | 28.5 (23.8) | 7.6 (7.4) | ||||
| moderate | 101 | 37.3 (27.4) | 30.0 (22.9) | 7.3 (7.5) | ||||
| severe | 46 | 43.9 (28.3) | 37.0 (26.7) | 7.0 (6.8) | ||||
| BMI category | underweight (<18.5) | 32 | 40.5 (31.1) | 0.16 | 31.8 (25.7) | 0.34 | 8.7 (6.9) | 0.01 |
| normal weight (18.5-24.9) | 188 | 34.0 (25.0) | 26.5 (20.7) | 7.9 (7.0) | ||||
| overweight (25-29.9) | 167 | 32.2 (25.3) | 26.6 (22.0) | 5.9 (6.5) | ||||
| obese (30+) | 113 | 38.5 (31.8) | 30.4 (27.5) | 8.2 (8.3) | ||||
| HPV | HPV- | 175 | 38.2 (25.4) | 0.03 | 30.2 (21.8) | 0.03 | 8.4 (6.8) | 0.07 |
| HPV+ | 86 | 28.7 (28.5) | 22.1 (23.9) | 6.7 (7.9) | ||||
| Unknown | 235 | 34.6 (27.7) | 28.0 (23.5) | 6.8 (7.2) | ||||
| Alcohol Use | never | 35 | 37.6 (33.0) | 0.22 | 29.3 (27.6) | 0.07 | 8.3 (9.8) | 0.44 |
| current | 320 | 33.3 (25.6) | 26.0 (21.2) | 7.5 (7.1) | ||||
| former (quit >12 months) | 148 | 37.7 (28.8) | 31.3 (25.6) | 6.8 (6.8) | ||||
| Cigarette Use | never | |||||||
| current | 282 | 40.4 (26.9) | <0.001 | 29.0 (22.1) | 0.19 | 11.6 (6.3) | <0.001 | |
| former (quit >12 months) | 221 | 27.7 (25.9) | 26.2 (24.3) | 1.9 (4.0) |
Abbreviations: No.=Number, std=standard deviation, HNSCC=Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer, Cis=insitu, ACE=Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 summary score, BMI=Body Mass Index, HPV= Human papillomavirus