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Modulation depth at threshold as a function of modulation frequency for 65 dB SPL carriers preceded by silence (open circles) or by a notched-noise precursor (closed circles). Panels are results for individual subjects except the lower right panel, which displays the mean data. Mean data from Exp. I (black and gray asterisks), where fm = 20 Hz are replotted in the lower right panel to show consistency between measurements. Error bars are the standard error of the mean.
