Fig. 3.
Effects of AdipoRon on basal and PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation. Serum-deprived VSMCs were incubated with: A) increasing concentrations of AdipoRon (5 to 100 μM) for 96 hr to determine the changes in Alamar blue fluorescence (n = 8); B) AdipoRon (5 to 100 μM) for 30 min followed by exposure to PDGF (30 ng/ml) for 96 hr to determine the changes in cell counts (n = 5); C) AdipoRon (50 μM) for 30 min followed by exposure to PDGF (30 ng/ml) for 24 hr to determine the changes in DNA synthesis (n=3); and D) AdipoRon (25 μM) for 30 min followed by exposure to PDGF (30 ng/ml) for 48 hr to determine the changes in cyclin D1 expression (n = 5). β-actin was used as an internal control. The data shown are the means ± SEM. *, # p < 0.05 compared with control (− PDGF and/or 0 μM AdipoRon) or PDGF (+ PDGF and 0 μM AdipoRon), respectively, using one-way ANOVA (A) or two-way ANOVA (B, C and D) followed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons test.