Table 2. Beyond RECIST 1.1: new response criteria developed by clinical trials and new imaging modalities.

Authors	Published journal	Name	Clinical trials	Assessment changes	Alternative imaging modalities
Choi et al.16	J Clin Oncol (2007)	Choi criteria	Target therapy for GIST	Size and attenuation at CT	Perfusion CT, dual energy CT
Wahl et al.34	J Nucl Med (2009)	PERCIST	FDG-PET	FDG uptake (SUVmax)	PET (metabolism, oxygenation, other tracers)
Lencioni and Llovet35	Semin Liver Dis (2010)	Lencioni criteria or modified RECIST	Ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma	Size and arterial-phase Based enhancement at CT, MRI, or CEUS (contrast enhanced US)	Perfusion MRI, diffusion-weighted MRI, perfusion US
Smith et al.36	AJR Am J Roentgenol (2010)	MASS criteria	Target therapy for metastatic renal carcinoma	Size and attenuation at CT	Perfusion CT, dual energy CT
Lee et al.14	Lung Cancer (2011)	New response criteria (NRC)	Target therapy for NSCLC	Size and attenuation (solid portion) at CT	Perfusion CT, dual energy CT
Chung et al.37	AJR Am J Roentgenol (2012)	Modified CT criteria	Chemotherapy for colorectal cancer liver metastasis	Size and attenuation at CT	Perfusion CT, dual energy CT
Nanni et al.38	Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging (2016)	Italian Myeloma criteria for PET Use (IMPeTUs)	Chemotherapy for multiple myeloma	FDG uptake (baseline, induction, and end of treatment)	FDG-PET/CT

RECIST: Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumor; GIST: gastrointestinal stromal tumor; CT: computed tomography; PERCIST: Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors; FDG-PET: fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography; SUVmax: maximum standardized uptake value; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; CEUS: contrast-enhanced ultrasonography; US: ultrasonography; MASS: Morphology, Attenuation, Size, and Structure; NSCLC: non-small cell lung carcinoma.