Table 3.

Effects of phytochemicals feed-additives on productive performance, carcass and meat quality of bovine and ovine

Reference	Phasea	Phytochemicals	Dosage	Productive performance b	Carcass quality	Meat qualityc
[20] Bovine	F	Ferulic acid FA		↑ Feedlot performance	FA ↑ carcass characteristics and wholesale cut yield	FA (30 days) ↑ Tender, juicier and flavored meat smaller increases in TBAs values
[33] Bovine	F	Cinnamaldehyde CIN	-	↑ FI (initial month) Minimal effects on ADG and FE	Minimal effects on carcass traits similar to positive control	-
[52] Bovine	F	Alfalfa extract, anise, capsicum Mixture of Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol (CIE)	-	CIE and alfalfa ↓DMI and water intake	-	-
[55] Bovine	F	Thyme and cinnamon essential oils	5 g/d/calf	NE	-	-
[79] Ovine	F	Ferulic acid	300 mg of FA/animal	-BWG and ADG tended to ↓ d 17 to 34	NE	-
[109] Ovine	F	Hesperidin	1500 and 3000 mg/kg	NE	NE	↓ Lipid oxidation values
[115] Bovine	G	Stryphnodendron adstringens, Commercial product 1 (essential oils) and commercial product 2 (cashew nut)	15 g∙steer − 1∙d − 1	≈ monensin	NE on fat thickness	-
Ovine	G	Carvacrol	0.30 and 0.35 g/Kg of Dry matter	NE	NE	-
[116] Bovine	G	CIN and Thymol blend	100 or 200 mg/Kg of diet	Minimal effect on growth rate and FE	-	-
[122] Ovine	F	Cinnamaldehyde	100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of Diet	NE	NE	↑ off-flavour intensity
[130] Bovine	F	Kocetin™-Quercetin	21 and 42 ppm 10% quercetin	-	-	42 ppm ↑ pH of loin.

^aFeeding phase: I initial, G growing, F final

^b ADG average daily gain, BWG body weight gain, FE feed efficiency, FI feed intake, NE no effect

^c TBARS thiobarbituric acid reactive substances