Table 3.
Reference | Phasea | Phytochemicals | Dosage | Productive performance b | Carcass quality | Meat qualityc |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[20] Bovine | F | Ferulic acid FA |
↑ Feedlot performance | FA ↑ carcass characteristics and wholesale cut yield | FA (30 days) ↑ Tender, juicier and flavored meat smaller increases in TBAs values |
|
[33] Bovine | F | Cinnamaldehyde CIN |
- | ↑ FI (initial month) Minimal effects on ADG and FE |
Minimal effects on carcass traits similar to positive control | - |
[52] Bovine | F | Alfalfa extract, anise, capsicum Mixture of Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol (CIE) |
- | CIE and alfalfa ↓DMI and water intake | - | - |
[55] Bovine | F | Thyme and cinnamon essential oils | 5 g/d/calf | NE | - | - |
[79] Ovine | F | Ferulic acid | 300 mg of FA/animal | -BWG and ADG tended to ↓ d 17 to 34 | NE | - |
[109] Ovine | F | Hesperidin | 1500 and 3000 mg/kg | NE | NE | ↓ Lipid oxidation values |
[115] Bovine | G |
Stryphnodendron adstringens,
Commercial product 1 (essential oils) and commercial product 2 (cashew nut) |
15 g∙steer − 1∙d − 1 | ≈ monensin | NE on fat thickness | - |
Ovine | G | Carvacrol | 0.30 and 0.35 g/Kg of Dry matter | NE | NE | - |
[116] Bovine | G | CIN and Thymol blend | 100 or 200 mg/Kg of diet | Minimal effect on growth rate and FE | - | - |
[122] Ovine | F | Cinnamaldehyde | 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of Diet | NE | NE | ↑ off-flavour intensity |
[130] Bovine | F | Kocetin™-Quercetin | 21 and 42 ppm 10% quercetin |
- | - | 42 ppm ↑ pH of loin. |
aFeeding phase: I initial, G growing, F final
b ADG average daily gain, BWG body weight gain, FE feed efficiency, FI feed intake, NE no effect
c TBARS thiobarbituric acid reactive substances